زين العابدين عبد الرزاق شنين الجنابي

Exit West is an influential novel that pursues the journey of two beloveds as they embark on their relationship amid the invasion of their city by extremists, resulting in its devastation and forcing them to emigrate to Europe. The novel explores the convoluted and complex emotions the couple experiences during their journey, revealing their conflicting feelings toward each other. As they face various challenges and obstacles, their love is put to the test, and they struggle to keep it alive. Therefore, the present analysis looks into how the aspects of dual emotions can be portrayed by various factors within the narrative and character development. More precisely, It explores how these emotions change because of the traumas that the protagonists witnessed or endured and how these influence their interactions using the textual analysis following the principles of the attachment theory.

The aim of this thesis to give a thorough exploration of the literary techniques about war scenes that Powers employs to critique the cruelty of war and illustrate how this novel reveals the brutality of the war to the soldiers, country, and civilians. Moreover, this study will focus on elucidating how Powers deals with the challenge of representing the Iraq war artistically. The author hopes this study will offer a fresh perspective and serve as a supplement to the previous study of The Yellow Birds giving a new perspective to study this novel.

The Yellow Birds novel is written by the American writer Kevin Powers who is an Iraq War veteran. In this novel, he presented his memories and terrible experiment during his service. The novel has been acclaimed as one of the best contemporary novels on war, not only for its literary value but also for its boldness to reveal America’s role in spreading destruction in the world since its inception. One of the novel’s striking features is that the American soldier is not depicted as a hero who came to save Iraqi people from a tyrant and to bring democracy on a dish of gold, but as a human being divided between death and survival. Powers uses many different symbols to express his convictions and ideas. Symbolism is a very important instrument in the formation of the story.

Another Brooklyn is a novel by Jacqueline Woodson. It tells the story of August’s life as an African American woman who lived in America during the 1960s and 1970s when Brooklyn was subjected to a comprehensive alteration in its ethnic and cultural structure. Woodson depicts loss and refusal, which manifest in different ways for each character. In August’s case, she struggles to deal with losing her mother, friends, and lover. Nevertheless, this causes August to wonder if it’s worth attempting to move on after experiencing so much loss or continuing to live with so many negative emotions bottled up inside her head. The paper delves into the psychological traumas that August undergoes during her life and how August’s experiments with loss shape her identity and relationships with others, as well as revealing the mechanisms by which the protagonist copes with loss and refusal by analyzing the text using trauma theory.

The Invention of Wings is an American semi-biographical novel by Sue Monk Kidd. The story sheds light on the physical and mental torment enslaved people experience. Through African American criticism, this research discusses how the novel portrays the wickedness of slavery institutions and the efforts toward liberation undertaken by black characters. It offers a psychological perspective on the institution of slavery, highlighting themes of impedance, identity, and liberty. Moreover, the study identifies the novel’s importance in examining the contradiction of gender and slavery while offering new insights into its portrayal of persecution and insurgency.

In The Waves (1931), written by Virginia Woolf, the conventional narrative coherence is replaced with a fractured, polyphonic framework. This is similar to the perceptual and ontological dislocations that patients who suffer from schizophrenia experience. The argument presented in this article is that Woolf's experimental form goes beyond the domain of basic stylistic innovation in order to investigate the ephemeral nature of reality, identity, and time. The paper makes this claim by using schizophrenia as a theoretical framework. Through the alignment of six protagonists' discontinuous soliloquies, Woolf reimagines the shattered consciousness that schizophrenics experience as a philosophical inquiry into reality. This is accomplished through the use of the word "shattered consciousness." The novel's narrative fragmentation, which is characterized by shifting identities, non-linear chronology, and linguistic collapse, is a reflection of the epistemological crisis that modernity is experiencing, which occurs when Cartesian certainty is drowned in existential doubt. This research offers a novel reading of The Waves, which is a pioneering combination of psychological and philosophical topics. It does so by pulling from modernist theory, psychoanalysis, and continental philosophy. One can observe how Woolf's characters, particularly Rhoda and Bernard, represent the chaotic collapse of individual boundaries that allows for a paradoxical merger with the cosmic "waves" of existence by carefully reading the text on a more in-depth level. By employing schizophrenia as a metaphor for the ontological disintegration of modernity, the study contends that Woolf's formal experimentation destroys the illusion of coherence in story and human awareness. Specifically, the study focuses on the phenomenon of schizophrenia.