wael sahib Abd alzhra alnweny

The median age of the 90 patients who underwent radiation therapy at the Middle Euphrates Cancer Center and Amal Al-Hayat Hospital for Oncology and Hematology was 49.8 years SD ± 18.42 years, with 55 (61.1%) being female and 35 (38.9%) being male. 0.56/1 was the male-to-female ratio. Of the cases, smokers made up about 18 (22.2%). Just 13 (14.5%) individuals have Stage 2 diseases, whereas 39 (43.3%) patients have Stage 4 cancers and 38 (42.2%) have Stage 3. Breast cancer accounted for 37 cases (41.1%) of all cancers in the population under study. With 11 cases (9.8%) of lung cancer and 10 cases (9.8%) of prostate cancer, the lung cancer was a second most frequent type of the cancer. In this study, we the investigated of the potential relationship between the lung cancer patients' overall survival and blood amounts of the heavy metals Pb, As, Cd, and Hg. When comparing a hazard ratio of the death from all causes was 1.03 (p equal 0.97) for As, 1.25 (p equal 0.17) for Cd, 1.26 p equal 0.14 for Hg, and 1.18 p equal 0.33 for Pb among patients from the lowest concentration stage to those from the highest stage. The correlation between cadmium levels at the highest cancer stage (>0.21–7.68 µg/L) and among those with stage IA disease, cancer stage I between 0.23–0.57 µg/L) reference was statistically significant (p < 0.01; HR = 7.36). This investigation revealed low blood levels of cadmium.

The purpose of this study was to examine how radiation therapy affects biochemical changes in breast and lung cancer patients in Al-Najaf Governorate. Thirty cancer patients participated in the study: fifteen who received between one and seven doses of radiation therapy, and fifteen who received more than five doses. Radiation therapy was administered as the treatment. In addition, twenty-five healthy individuals (thirteen men and twelve women) were included as a control group. The investigation was conducted from February to November 2023 at the National Oncology Teaching Hospital in Najaf City. Based on the blood parameters, both male and female patients who underwent radiation therapy showed lower levels of hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. With regard to liver enzymes, both male and female patients with cancer showed elevated levels of AST and ALT. For the ALP enzyme, no significant sex-based differences were observed, but an overall increase was noted. In terms of bilirubin, noticeable changes were detected, including increases in both direct and total bilirubin levels.

The gamma radiation has been measured to determine natural radioactivity of U, 232Th and "K in the agricultural and virgin soils in Najaf city, south western part of Iraq. Thirty soil samples were collected from agricultural clay and virgin soil for different location and at (10,20,30,40 and 50 cm) depth. These samples have been studied by using gamma-ray spectroscopy which consists of high counting efficiency Nal(Tl) detector. The specific activity of

The gamma radiation has been measured to determine natural radioactivity of U, 232Th and "K in the agricultural and virgin soils in Najaf city, south western part of Iraq. Thirty soil samples were collected from agricultural clay and virgin soil for different location and at (10,20,30,40 and 50 cm) depth. These samples have been studied by using gamma-ray spectroscopy which consists of high counting efficiency Nal(Tl) detector. The specific activity of

The beginning of the fifties witnessed increasing interest in the effects of radiation, and at that time the United Nations General Assembly established in December 1955, and one of its subsidiary bodies was the Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Rays (UNSCEAR). The united National Scientific Committee on The Effects of Atomic Radiation The committee's work was to evaluate the dose, effects and risks resulting from exposure to radiation on a wide international scale. There are two types of sources of radiation that the world’s population receives. The first is natural sources, to which exposure cannot be avoided. Individuals are exposed to radiation in two ways. Radioactive materials can remain outside the body, that is, exposure occurs externally, or is taken in through breathing or swallowing with food and water. Thus, individuals are exposed to Internally, that is, internally, some individuals receive higher doses than others, even though all individuals on planet Earth receive a normal rate of radiation. This difference can result from differences in residential locations, where radioactive soil and rocks are found much higher than the average and in some locations much lower, and the differences can be generated from living style. Exposure to natural radiation increases from the use of building and insulating materials in homes and air travel.