وائل صاحب عبدالزهرة النويني

The median age of the 90 patients who underwent radiation therapy at the Middle Euphrates Cancer Center and Amal Al-Hayat Hospital for Oncology and Hematology was 49.8 years SD ± 18.42 years, with 55 (61.1%) being female and 35 (38.9%) being male. 0.56/1 was the male-to-female ratio. Of the cases, smokers made up about 18 (22.2%). Just 13 (14.5%) individuals have Stage 2 diseases, whereas 39 (43.3%) patients have Stage 4 cancers and 38 (42.2%) have Stage 3. Breast cancer accounted for 37 cases (41.1%) of all cancers in the population under study. With 11 cases (9.8%) of lung cancer and 10 cases (9.8%) of prostate cancer, the lung cancer was a second most frequent type of the cancer. In this study, we the investigated of the potential relationship between the lung cancer patients' overall survival and blood amounts of the heavy metals Pb, As, Cd, and Hg. When comparing a hazard ratio of the death from all causes was 1.03 (p equal 0.97) for As, 1.25 (p equal 0.17) for Cd, 1.26 p equal 0.14 for Hg, and 1.18 p equal 0.33 for Pb among patients from the lowest concentration stage to those from the highest stage. The correlation between cadmium levels at the highest cancer stage (>0.21–7.68 µg/L) and among those with stage IA disease, cancer stage I between 0.23–0.57 µg/L) reference was statistically significant (p < 0.01; HR = 7.36). This investigation revealed low blood levels of cadmium.

The purpose of this study was to examine how radiation therapy affects biochemical changes in breast and lung cancer patients in Al-Najaf Governorate. Thirty cancer patients participated in the study: fifteen who received between one and seven doses of radiation therapy, and fifteen who received more than five doses. Radiation therapy was administered as the treatment. In addition, twenty-five healthy individuals (thirteen men and twelve women) were included as a control group. The investigation was conducted from February to November 2023 at the National Oncology Teaching Hospital in Najaf City. Based on the blood parameters, both male and female patients who underwent radiation therapy showed lower levels of hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. With regard to liver enzymes, both male and female patients with cancer showed elevated levels of AST and ALT. For the ALP enzyme, no significant sex-based differences were observed, but an overall increase was noted. In terms of bilirubin, noticeable changes were detected, including increases in both direct and total bilirubin levels.

The gamma radiation has been measured to determine natural radioactivity of U, 232Th and "K in the agricultural and virgin soils in Najaf city, south western part of Iraq. Thirty soil samples were collected from agricultural clay and virgin soil for different location and at (10,20,30,40 and 50 cm) depth. These samples have been studied by using gamma-ray spectroscopy which consists of high counting efficiency Nal(Tl) detector. The specific activity of

The gamma radiation has been measured to determine natural radioactivity of U, 232Th and "K in the agricultural and virgin soils in Najaf city, south western part of Iraq. Thirty soil samples were collected from agricultural clay and virgin soil for different location and at (10,20,30,40 and 50 cm) depth. These samples have been studied by using gamma-ray spectroscopy which consists of high counting efficiency Nal(Tl) detector. The specific activity of

شهدت بداية الخمسينيات اهتماما متزايد حول تأثيرات الإشعاعات وفي حينها أنشأت الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة في كانون الأول لعام 1955 وأحدى هيئاتها الفرعية هي اللجنة العلمية لتأثيرات الأشعة الذرية(UNSCEAR) The united National Scientific Committee on The Effects of Atomic Radiation حيث كان عمل اللجنة هو تقييم الجرعة والتأثيرات والمخاطر الناتجة بسبب التعرض للإشعاع على نطاق دولي واسع. وهناك نوعان من مصادر الاشعاع الذي يستلمه سكان العالم , أولهما المصادر الطبيعية والتي لا يمكن تجنب التعرض لها حيث يتعرض الأفراد للإشعاع بطريقتين أذ يمكن أن تبقى المواد المشعة خارج الجسم أي يحدث التعرض خارجيا, أو يأخذ عن طريق التنفس أو البلع مع الغذاء والماء فيتعرض الأفراد من الداخل أي داخليا, ويستلم بعض الأفراد جرعا أعلى من سواهم بالرغم من ان كل الأفراد على كوكب الارض يستلمون معدلا اشعاعا طبيعيا من الاشعاع. يمكن أن ينتج هذا الفرق بسبب اختلاف مواقع السكن حيث توجد التربة والصخور المشعة أعلى كثيرا من المعدل وفي بعض المواقع أدنى كثيرا , ويمكن أن تتولد الفروق من أسلوب المعيشة. ويزيد التعرض للإشعاع الطبيعي من استخدام مواد البناء  والمواد العازلة في البيوت والسفر جوا .