زينب حميد عباس الحيدري

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a progressive inflammatory illness marked by inflammation and overgrowth of the synovial membrane, leading to the creation of rheumatoid pannus. Method: 125 urine samples and blood were obtained from individuals diagnosed with RA who sought medical attention at the general hospital in the province between the dates of 2 January and 14 February 2024. Blood sample was drawn for the purpose of conducting a series of immune tests, including those for IgG, IgM, IL-2, IL-4, IL-13, TNF-α, and TLR2 and TLR4. Vitro study employed a total of 50 rats, consisting 25 males and 25 females. The rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups, The sham group was supplied physiological saline (0.9%), whereas the control/ induction group got an intradermal injection 100 μg of CII emulsified. The MTX group was treated with methotrexate (MTX). The group treated with nano-asparagine solely comprised rats that were treated with MTX. Result: Mean age and BMI were 31 and 23. Participants aged >50 years accounted for 46%, with 39% classified as obese per WHO standards. Most participants were female (68%). There were 47 patients (37.67%) with E. coli and 28 patients (22.33%) with Klebsiella pneumoniae. At the probability level (P<0.05), the current study's findings, which aimed to identify the presence of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-13, toll-like receptor 2, and toll-like receptor 4, showed statistically significant differences. The % in female patients was significantly greater than the percentage in male patients, reaching 1.23 ± 0.033, 1.15 ± 0.58, 1.069±0.236, 1.532 ± 0.173, 0.90 ± 0.022, and 0.96 ± 0.018 pg/ml, respectively. The mean results for the patients were 0.37 ± 0.01, 0.27 ± 0.02, 0.4831 ± 0.0528, 0.4259 ± 0.0554, 0.5187 ± 0.0950, and 0.4748 ± 0.0776 pg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: Our investigation shows MTX-NPs effectively treat CIA in rats. Subcutaneous MTX-NPs reduced arthritis progression, inflammatory cell infiltration, and inflammatory factor levels, highlighting their potential as an advanced alternative to standard MTX therapy. Keywords: Autoimmune arthritis; Urinary tract infection; Nano-particles

ABSTRACT Background: Cervical cancer is a global public health issue that requires early management and has a causal relationship with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). HPV types 16 and 18, which cause around 70% of precancerous lesions and cervical malignancies, are the two high-risk HPVs. According to research on intrauterine devices, they do not affect the prevalence of HPV infection, but rather its development to cervical cancer. Many research on intrauterine devices (IUDs) reveal that they cannot change the prevalence of HPV infection, but they can change the progression of cervical cancer. Objective: The goal of this study was to look at the relationship between recent IUD use (by type) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia . Conclusion: Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are among the most successful means of contraception available today, with failure rates comparable to other forms of sterilization. IUDs have various advantages, including efficacy, ease of use, reversibility, and patient satisfaction, especially when it comes to time commitment for long-term use and cost. In addition, the influence of contraception on the development of precancerous cervix lesions and cervical cancer may provide information useful to women in making contraceptive decisions. Keywords : Intrauterine devices, Cervical cancers , endometrioid carcinoma, Endometrioid tumours