زهراء كريم عبدالله الميالي

Thyroid gland is considered biggest ductless gland in human, consist of many follicular cells called colloid that responsible for production of glycoprotein thyroglobulin. Itis secrete T3,T4, TSH and calcitonin hormone that increase the metabolic rate of the body, growth and differentiation. thyroid hormone acting a role in regulatory metabolism of glucose and pancreatic role, but diabetes mellitus changed thyroid function. Such as, “TSH to thyrotropin-releasing hormone response” it is reduced in diabetes, that lead to accompanying reduced T3 level and hypothyroidism, together hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism lead to insulin resistance. In this study show significant decrease in Hb , RBC,WBC and Hba1c level in male and female patient as compare with control, also show significant increase in Glucose level in both male and female patients as compare with control, and significantly decrease in TSH T3 and T4 level in female and male patients as compare with control. Thyroid hormones cause immediate effect on the blood parameter by inducing the precursors of the erythrocyte and indirectly by stimulating erythropoietin manufacture, also diabetes effect on thyroid function by changing the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level and weakening the alteration of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) in the peripheral tissues.

Diabetes mellitus is metabolic disease due to hyperglycemia result from insufficient insulin inability of insulin secretion, sensitivity that lead to loss of glucose homeostasis. DM can affect in every organ system in the human body. Thirty adult male albino rats weighing 150-200 g, five adult male albino rats were divided into 5 experimental groups. The result showed a significantly increased (p< 0.05) in sugar, creatinine urea and uric acid in group that inject with alloxan when compared with control group (thymus + alloxan) and (thymus only) and (thymus + Glimepiride) groups that showed significantly decreased (p< 0.05) due to presence of polyphenols and flavonoids in thyme that responsible for the antioxidant. While, the total protein significantly decreased (p< 0.05) in alloxan group when compare with control. Also showing significantly decreased (p> 0.05) in WBC, RBC, HB and platelet in diabetic rats, but when use Thymus vulgaris that showed significantly increase in (WBC, RBC, HB platelet)

This study was attempt to determine relation between Iron status and hemoglobin in hepatitis patient at period 2019, in (Health Central Laboratory) in AL-Najaf Al-ashraf, as a result 70 patients for this study, 40 males and 30 females aged between 25 to 50 years. These patients diagnosed as hepatitis patient with kidney disorder on behalf of equally sexes founded on the medical investigation, obtaining liver role test, Iron status, blood glucose, urea and creatinin. (Ferretin, TIBC, UTIBC, Transferen, Hb, AST, ALT, blood glucose, urea and creatinin). In addition, the outcome have an important elevate (p< 0.05) inside level of liver enzyme, blood glucose, ferretin and TIBC, urea and creatinin in both male and female hepatitis patient but significant decrease (p< 0.05) in level of UIBC, moreover no significant considerable shifting within Transeferin levels inside both males(P>0.05) in addition to females(P>0.05) patients the same as contrasted through their matching control group.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a life-threatening and highly infectious disease. It impacts several body organs for example the lungs, kidneys, blood texture and contents, digestive cannel, and heart. The first case emerged in China and rapidly spreading and affirmed a global pandemic. COVID-19 is a major threat and a pandemic all over the world. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus2, the cause of coronavirus disease 19, connects to its target cells utilizing (ACE2), Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2which can be stated via epithelial cells of numerous organs. Corona Virus can basis reasonable or harsh kidney damage with signs involving proteinuria, hematuria, eminent urea nitrogen, and creatinine. The kidney cell contain ACE2 receptors that allow to Corona Virus 2 to join it, attack, duplicate and potentially destroy all tissue.

In the presentstudy, 70of patients were suffering from chronic liver diseaseand 20 of control group, were 35 females and 35 males of patients. The samples were collected from Gastroenterology and Hepatology Center in AL-Sadder Medical City/Najaf Governorate / Iraq , the period from July till August, 2019. The ages of CLDpatients and healthy group ranged 30 to 69 y old. And the patients group was divided into subgroup accordingto the age and gender group , Patients without a complete medical record were excluded and those with other diseases e.g. (Alcoholic liver damage , acute liver damage and viral hepatitis were excluded. The current study indicated a highly significant enhance(p<0.05)inserum CCL2/MCP-1 and INF-γlevels in CLD compared with healthygroup. The result indicated no significant differences(p>0.05) in serum levels of CCL2/MCP-1 and INFγbetween females and males groups of CLD patients. The results, also indicated asignificant enhance(p>0.05)in serum CCL2/MCP-1, and INF-γlevels there was asignificant increase (p<0.05)among different ages groups. There is a positive association between CCL2/MCP-1 and INF-γconcentrations of CLD patients

Indomethacin was non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis , analgesic and antipyretic. The present study was designed to showed toxic effects of indomethacin occurred in histological and physiological change on liver, kidney ,small intestine and spleen due to inhibition of prostaglandin that lead to generation of free radicals that cause oxidative stress in body and showed the protective role of hesperidin in protection of these organs . About 110 male rats were used, the average body weights was 150-250 grams and three months age, included two periods one and three months The first experiment were randomly divided into sixth groups (10 rats/group) divided into (control group, indomethacin 20mg/kg, indomethacin 50mg/kg , indomethacin 20 mg/kg+Hesp40 mg/kg), indomethacin50+Hesperidin40 mg/kg and hesperidin40 mg/kg only for (one month). The two experiments include the same groups in first experiment but for three months. At the end of treatment period (one and three months) rats were sacrified and showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the body weight in groups that take indomethacin in (20,50 mg/kg) doses and groups (indomethacin 20,50+hesp40 mg/kg) and group of hesperidin only when compared with control for one and three months