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Violence in close relationships is a widespread, serious public health problem worldwide. It encompasses different forms of physical, sexual, and emotional violence and controlling behaviors by a perpetrator well known to the victim, e.g. a partner, ex-partner, sibling, or parents (Tomomi, 2020). The World Health Organization defines Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) as “any behavior or act within a relationship that brings about physical or sexual harm to those in the relationship” (World Health Organization, 2012). Domestic violence can be physical, sexual, emotional, verbal, and financial or can involve restricting contact of family members with people outside of the home There are numerous factors that contribute to the development of academic performance and retention of students in the higher institutions. These factors contribute to the persons end result to perform well academically (Mercy, 2022). Although domestic violence has been on the increase in many families and marriages in the world, some people feel that this problem is insignificant and given undeserving attention. Does it mean the victim is any less trapped by the abuser.

Background: Postoperative pain is a very important issue for several patients. Indifferent of the surgery type or method, pain management is very necessary. The relief from suffering leads to early mobilization, less hospital stays, reduced hospital costs, and increased patient satisfaction. Nurses in all settings play a key role in the management of pain as experts in assessment, drug administration, and patient education. They are uniquely positioned to assume this role as the member of the health care team most consistently at the patient’s bedside. These characteristics have led to their distinction as the patient’s primary pain manager. Objectives: To assess nurses' knowledge regarding immediate postoperative pain management in surgical wards. To find out association between nurses' knowledge and their demographical data.

A Student's life is subjected to different kinds of stressors, such as the pressure of secondary(w) an obligation of success, uncertain future and difficulties envisaged for integration into the system, these Students face social, emotional, physical and family problems which may affect their learning ability Some of them Find it hard to cope with the stress. Coping with stress is essential to survival and wellbeing and it has been identified as a stabilization component which may did an Individuals in psychological adaption throughout high stress Situations in addition to dealing to stressful situations, students must manage with educational pressures. A descriptive Cross-sectional design used to Study the Relationship between symptom of Stress and personality trait among Secondary School students at Al-Najaf City (October, 2023) tο (april, 2024). A non-probability (Purposive) sample was selected to obtain representative and accurate data. The total number of students participating in the Study was (200) Students. The study results show that there is a high significant relationship between stress levels and the study sample. demographic data (sex, economic status and mental illness) at p-value less than (0.001), and relationships between Stress levels & living patterns at p-value less them (0.05). The study concludes that stress levels affect of personality trait among Secondary School Students. And this conclusion is proved through the statistical approaches that show there is a correlation between the stress levels and personality traits, So there is no enough evidence to accept the null hypothesis. Otherwise, the alternative hypothesis is accepted. The study recommends to Study Supporting educational methods by the Educational Committee that limits violent and aggressive behavior of adolescents in schools, such as (moving away from scenes of an aggressive nature, beating, violence, fighting, quarrels, and blood scenes), school professionals should consider taking adolescents’ personality traits and school-based stress into account, Parents may take an active interest in their child's program, providing emotional support. However, parents may be cautious not to exert excessive pressure, Subject teachers should refer any student to the guidance and counselling officers when they detect a problem.

ABSTRACT Throughout the world, millions of people have been forced to flee their homes and communities for many reasons. Some are displaced only temporarily and are able to return to their communities when conflicts are resolved or flood waters have receded, but most live many years as refugees or IDPs. The present study is conducted to assess the factors affecting the IDPs returning to their home cities. A descriptive Survey Study is conducted from the period of 1st. Nov., 2018 to 30th., Jan., 2019. The study conducted in Al-Najaf City. 139 IDPs those who selected through a non-probability accidental sample were included in the study. The data were collected through use of an assessment tool constructed by the researcher include three main parts are demographic data, clinical data, and the factors affecting on the returning and they are the economic related factors, security related factors and the psychosocial factors. The results of the study reveal that the economic related factors are the dominant factors make the IDPs undecided yet to return to their home cities. The study recommends that the economic support should be provided to the IDPs to support them to return freely to their home cities. In addition, a special symposiums should be condected to increased the community awareness about how to support the decision of the IDPs in returning freely to their home cities. Furthermore, the decision makers shouls be take in consideration the economic, security, and psychosocial factors when

Abstract The prospect of cardiac catheterization can be stressful because the procedure may lead to a definitive diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Elevated anxiety experienced prior to cardiac catheterization may negatively impact the course of the procedures and demonstrate increased need for anxiolytic medication during the procedure. A pre-experimental design (one group pretest-posttest design) is used to study the effect of the sensory perceptual informational program on patients’ anxiety levels before cardiac catheterization, from the period of .9201 1 July to 8September, 201 th61 A non-probability (purposive sample) consists of 66 patients are diagnosed with ischemic heart disease and scheduled for cardiac catheterization. The study is conducted in Al-Najaf City/ AL-Najaf Center for Cardiac Surgery and Trans Catheter Therapy The researcher obtains the reliability for the Beck Anxiety Scale. The validity of an instrument concerns its ability to gather the data that it is intended to gather. Content validity for the early developed questionnaire is determined through a panel of experts to investigate clarity, relevancy, and adequacy of the questionnaire to measure the concepts of interest. The study results indicate that there is a decrease in the patients’ anxiety level before cardiac catheterization. The study concludes that the sensory perceptual informational program is an effective tool in improving the patients’ anxiety levels before cardiac catheterization. And this conclusion is proved through the statistical approaches that show that there is a significant decreasing in the anxiety levels after the application of the program. III The study recommends to use sensory perceptual information program to decreasing anxiety level as a guideline for other studies. And it also recommends to the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research to use the present study as a data base for conducting another related studies in the future.