Climatic Treatments for Housing in the Traditional Holy Cities: A Comparison between Najaf and Yazd Cities
AuthorsIhsan A. Jasim, Sabeeh L. Farhan, Laheab A. Al-Maliki and Sohaib K. AL-Mamoori
JournalIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Volume 754, Prospects of sustainability of p
AbstractThe hot, dry environmental conditions prevailing in Al-Najaf and Yazd cities - a modern old problem-must be studied with some detail to come up with new solutions to adapt to the current environmental conditions of the two cities. the research aims to compare the methods used by the residents of Al-Najaf and Yazd cities to handle the hard-environmental conditions in the past and the way to adapt to them. Eight criteria were compared and discussed to investigate the ways and methods to improve the environmental situation in the two cities. The research concluded that there is a great similarity in the environment of the two cities, as well as the environment responding to the treatments that human life adapts. This necessitates the need to preserve the environmental design vocabulary for these two cities (Yazd and Najaf) such as the central courtyard of the aligned residential units to soften the atmosphere within the one unit and increase the family bonding.in addition to preserving the side Shanasheel and local privacy. Yazd city overpass Al-Najaf city by maintaining climate treatments for the historical centre and developing them in line with the development of building methods and construction materials.
Perceptions about water pollution among university students: A case study from Iraq
AuthorsLaheab A. Al-Maliki
, Sabeeh L. Farhan,Ihsan A. Jasim,Sohaib K. Al-Mamoori, Nadhir Al-Ansari |
JournalCogent Engineering
AbstractThis study intends to evaluate university students’ awareness regarding water pollution in Iraq to show the environmental education contribution in reducing water pollution. The study was conducted in Wasit university, Wasit province, Iraq by field questionnaire survey with 388 students from the civil engineering department and engineering college. The questionnaires were divided according to the pollution causes into industrial, agricultural and sewage water pollutants. The data were analyzed utilizing the thematic analysis to assess environmental knowledge and awareness of water pollution risks. The results show that most students have high interest in environmental conservation, yet, a lack of education in general environmental education, as the educational curriculum focuses on theoretical aspects more than the practical ones. The results also show that the media role is inactive concerning environmental awareness of water pollution. This study provides a scientific view of policymakers for potential future conditions to find solutions that achieve sustainability goals.
Seismic Risk Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Frames at Al-Najaf City-Iraq Using Geotechnical Parameters
AuthorsSohaib K. Al-Mamoori
, Ali N. AttiyahLaheab A. Al-MalikiAhmed H. Al-SulttaniKhaled El-Tawil, Hussain M. Hussain
JournalModern Applications of Geotechnical Engineering and Construction pp 329-348
AbstractSeismic vulnerability is very important for buildings, especially old and dilapidated buildings that did not take into account the impact of earthquakes. In the past years, the seismic effect has not been taken into account, and recently Iraq has experienced a growing seismic activity. For this reason, it is crucial to create a seismic database for all cities. The present paper used SPT-N test results to assess seismic vulnerability for Al-Najaf city by producing five geotechnical maps using the GIS program for all seismic design categories. The data utilized in this research are obtained from 130 boreholes at 30 m depth distributed in the study area. The results show that the new RC frames must be designed as moment-resisting frames to resist future earthquakes. All the existing RC buildings are vulnerable to earthquake effects and need to be strengthened to act as seismic-resistant systems. The strengthened structure should act as ordinary reinforced concrete moment frame (ORCMF), intermediate reinforced concrete moment frame (IRCMF), or special reinforced concrete moment frame (SRCMF), depending on the building location and its risk category type. The use of soil investigation data to assess the site class of soil (instead of assuming D for unknown soil) gave more economical choices for the reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames. Hence, for buildings types I, II, and III in some regions of the city, ORCMF can be used instead of IRCMF. In the same areas, IRCMF can be used instead of SRCMF for building type IV.
Estimation of Uplift Pressure Equation at Key Points under Floor of Hydraulic Structures
AuthorsMohammed Hamid Rasool
, Laheab A. Al-Maliki
Sohaib Kareem Al-Mamoori
Nadhir Al-Ansari
JournalCogent Engineering
AbstractMost of the hydraulic structures rest on an impervious foundation to reserve water at the upstream side. The water heads difference leads to water movement from the higher to the lower head through the porous soil layer beneath the foundation, generating an uplift pressure under the structure floor. In this study, a new method is presented to estimate the uplift pressures at key points by performing sub-surface flow analysis using the Analysis SYStem (ANSYS) software. Then a statistical analysis to validate the proposed equations is conducted using the SPSS software. The case study for this research is a barrage in Kufa city-Iraq. The used data to implement this study was water levels, soil permeability, and length of imperious foundation. The obtained results show good outcomes from using the proposed method to develop uplift pressure equations. The comparison of the current study results with Khosla’s equation showed good agreement where the coefficient of determination (R2) and the standard error of estimation (SEE) for the equations were between (99.9–97.8) and (0.024–0.11), respectively.
Optimum location for landfills site selection using GIS technique: Al-Naja city as a case study
AuthorsSabreen L. Kareeme
, Sohaib K. Al-Mamoori
Laheab A. Al-Maliki
Mohammed Q. Al-Dulaimi
Nadhir Al-Ansari
JournalCogent Engineering
Statistical analysis of the best GIS interpolation method for bearing capacity estimation in An-Najaf City, Iraq
AuthorsSohaib Kareem Al-Mamoori
, , Laheab A. Al-Maliki
Ahmed Hashem Al-Sulttani
Khaled El-Tawil
Nadhir Al-Ansari
JournalEnvironmental Earth Sciences
AbstractThe presence of an economical solution to predict soil behaviour is essential for new construction areas. This paper aims to investigate the ultimate interpolation method for predicting the soil bearing capacity of An-Najaf city-Iraq based on field investigation information. Firstly, the engineering bearing capacity was calculated based on the in-site N-SPT values using dynamic loading for 464 boreholes with depths of 0–2 m, using the Meyerhof formula. The data then were classified and imported to the GIS program to apply the interpolation methods. Four deterministic and two geostatistical interpolation methods were applied to produce six bearing capacity maps. The statistical analyses were performed using two methods: the common cross-validation method by the coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE), where the results showed that ordinary kriging (OK) is the ultimate method with the least RMSE and highest R2. These results were confusing so, the backward elimination regression (BER) procedure was applied to gain the definite result. The results of BER show that among all the deterministic methods, the IDW is the optimal and most significant interpolation method. The result of geostatistical methods shows that EBK is the best method in our case than the OK method. BER also applied to all six methods and shows that IDW is the ultimate significant method. The results indicate no general ultimate interpolation method for all cases and datasets type; therefore, the statistical analyses must be performed for each case and dataset.