شيماء مازي جبار الرحباوي

This study a survey for the species Valerianella kotschyi Boiss. andV. muricata(Stev.) Baxt (Valerianaceae) in Kurdistan, Iraq was presented along with survey and identification of samples preserved in some Iraqi herbaria.Several scientific excursions were made to different regions in Kurdistan and a comparative study was conducted on the vegetative and reproductive parts. These have been reinforced by graphs. The present study dealt with the environment and geographical distribution and a map was designed for this purpose. Key words: Survey, Kurdistan, Iraq, Valerianella kotschyi,V. muricata, Valerianaceae.

Fermentative produced ethanol from lignocellulose by fungi is a renewable alternative to fossil fuels.However, the breakdown process of the raw material by the fermentation made known the furan compounds furfural. In the current work, the furfural this was done using in vitro spectro-photometric assays. The kinetic analysis suggested that furfural formed by fungi metabolism. For those reasons the study was aimed the following: Furfural products from cellulosic garbage, and what is the best PH, time and sample type to its accumulation. Keywords: Cellulosic garbage, lignocellulose, fungi metabolism.

There are many studies on the effects of oil pollution on humans, soil, and vegetation, but little is known about its impact on aquatic plants and their diversity in the aquatic environment. This study focused on determining theimpact of oil pollution on a local plant regarding availability and the investigation of the levels of pollution in two plants cattle (Typha domingensis Pers.) and reeds (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin ex Steudel) in four different locations in the Baher Al-Najaf Depression in Al-Najaf Al Ashraf, Iraq for a year from February 2016 to January 2017. The results showed that local plant was severely affected in the affected sites and the leaves of the studied plants contained a high proportion of the heavy metals. The frequency of plant distribution varied between 7% and 77% while in affected sites it ranged between less than 5% and 26%., A total of 30 species were distributed to 18 plant families in all studied sites of Baher Al-Najaf Depression.Control sites recorded 23 species distributed over 14 families of plants while the affected sites were enumerated in only 19 species in 12 families of plants. Values of heavy metals were relatively higher in studied plants leaves at contaminated sites than those in the control site. High values for heavy metals were associated with plant species and ages, sedimenttypes, and time but more importantly results from a basicity nature of the sediment from oil pollution. The results showed that oil pollution poses a potential risk to biodiversity, food chain, food security, and public health. Key words:Pollutants, heavy metals, oil spills, plants, reed, and cattle

Abstract This study examines the taxonomic significance of leaves epidermis for the some Carex L. species in Iraq , comprising diagnostic anatomical feature obtained from abaxial leaf epidermis micro morphology , the results of observations show that the characters studied (long cell length in stomatal & non stomatal Length , Stomata Length & Number) are different between taxa under study . Euclidean genetic distance values & Cluster analysis of species are investigated in this study.

ABSTRACT An un conventional technique was developed for a preliminary screening of some pathogens on the basis of their sensitive to garlic (Allium sativum), it was found that aqueous garlic extract were possess a potent bacteriostatic principle against some species of Enterobacteriaceae. In agar medium, high inhibition zone in garlic were 40 mm for Shigella dysenteriae, 38 mm for E.coli and 36 mm for Salmonella typhi. Also results showed moderate significant effects against growth of Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis and Serratia marsecense it reached to 31mm, 30mm, 29 mm, 24 mm in diameter respectively, it inhibited the growth of all these species which were resistant to some commonly used antibiotics. Most of the tested species were resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, although sensitive to garlic. KEYWORDS: Garlic extract, Antibacterial sensitivity, Enterobacteriaceae.

Abstract : An experiment was conducted inside a glass house , and in the open field at Biol. Dept. Coll. Of Sciences , Kufa University during winter season of 2010 / 2011 to assess the effect of water irrigation salinity and germination medium on germination percentage of wheat seeds and some early growth parameters . Seeds were obtained from Agricultural Board of AL- Najaf holy shrine . Completely Randomized Design ( C.R.D. ) was used in this experiment . Results were analyzed according to analysis of variance . Means were compared according to Duncan's Multiple Range Test ( DMRT ) at probability of 0.05 . Seeds sown on 4 / 11 / 2010 in Petri-dishes covered inside with filter paper size 14 cm. which was wilted with the water irrigation salinity . Twenty five seeds of wheat cv. " IPA – 99 " were sown in each Petri-dish with five replicates . The number of germinated seeds were calculated in each Petri-dish for each treatment till complete germination on 1 /12 / 2010 . Each Petri-dish irrigated with 25 ml. of distilled water ,tap water , river water , drainage water and a mixture of river water and drainage water by a ratio of 1 : 1 . Results indicated that , irrigation with drainage water resulted in a significant reduction in germination percentage ( 82.2 % ) which significantly differed among the percentage of the other water qualities . The percentage of germination was 98.2 % for seeds watered with distilled water which did not differ from that seeds watered with tap water it gave 97.3 %. On the other hand , germination medium influenced the germination percentage due to the percentage of 95.3 % for seeds germinated in the laboratory compared with the results of other media , meanwhile , the percentage of 91.5 % came from the use of open field as germinating medium . The interaction between experimental factors ( water irrigation quality and germinating medium ) cleared that the highest germination percentage 100 % obtained from the interaction of distilled water irrigation with both germinating media glass house and laboratory ; and with the river water irrigation and laboratory . While the percentage of 81.0 % was obtained from drainage water irrigation and glass house medium . Moreover , there were significant effects of drainage water and open field medium on the reduction in lengths of plumule and radical and dry weights of seedling .

في مؤتمر اربيل شاركت في بحث ( دراسة جزيئية لجنسين من العائلة النجيلية في العراق )