رسل علي عبد الواحد الظاهر

The conventional methods are considered insufficient to indicate the type and state of the river and large spaces as well as the needs time and high cost ; therefore, topographic analysis and (GIS) were spent to evaluate the quality of riaw water of Al�Abbassia river for drinking purposes. Water samples from four unlike depots along Al-Abbassia river for nine months from Jan. – 2016 to Sep.– 2016 were composed. Twelve WQ parametirs were analyzed including TH, pH, Ec, TDS, Cl- , Ca+2, Na+ , Mg, So4 -2 , Tss, Turbidity and K. Use GIS to provide a useful represeintation of the general quality of water for public use or for any particular use, add to indicate contamination that is helpful in (WQ) manaigement and make decision. Enforcement of GIS with several physcochemical (WQ) factors was pe.rforimed to esteem the quality of Al�Abbassia River water for driniking uses. Data analysis shows that the (WQ) factors of Al-Abbassia river were exceeding WHO criterion except (pH , So4 -2 , Mg+2, TDS, Ec, Turb. and TH) were compatible with the drinking water standards. An anialytical study of the Abbassia River linked the results of chemical and physical tests with geographic information systems to prodiuce layers representing the spatiall distriibution of factors along the river. Results suggest that, the use of (GIS) with topographic analysis methods could provide a very useful and efficient tool to water resource management.

Traditional methods do not fulfill the demands for study quality and situation of water of great areas which need enough time and money therefore, Water Quality Index (WQI) and Geographical Information System (GIS) were employed to evaluation the quality of raw water of Kufa river for drinking water because of its important in Najaf province. Water samples from seven different stations along Kufa river for twelve months from July – 2013 to June – 2014 were collected. Eleven water quality parameters were analyzed including total hardness(TH), turbidity, (pH), electrical conductivity (Ec), total dissolved solids (TDS), alklinity (Alk.), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), sodium(Na), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K). The use of Water Quality Index (WQI) to offer a useful representation of the overall quality of water for public or any intended use as well as indicating pollution, which are useful in water quality management and decision making. The application of Water Quality Index (WQI) with several physicochemical water quality parameters was performed to evaluate the quality of Kufa River water for human uses. The average annual overall WQI for drinking water was found to be (77.895) through the study period. From this analysis the quality of the Kufa River is classified as "Very poor quality" ranging "Poor water" at the river upstream near station (K1) and "Very poor" for drinking at the river downstream near station (K7). The monthly WQI variation ranged higher value (106.49) at December_2013 and lower value (65.92) at March_2014 along Kufa River, and classify from (Unfit and unsuitable for drinking to Poor water quality) . The high WQI obtained is a result of the various human activities taking place along the river banks. Results suggest that, the use of (GIS) and water quality index (WQI) methods could provide a very useful and efficient tool to show the pollution in the river for different uses and to water resource management.

تم دراسة توزيع الملوثات على طول نهر الكوفة باستخدام ال GIS من خلال اخذ النماذج من سبع محطات على طول النهر ولمدة سنة وقد بينت النتائج ان النهر غير صالح للشرب