Rasha Ali Kameel Alfatlawy

Abstract: Recently, a fast evolution of structures in urban centres attended by a dearth of beneficial areas has pushed the specialists to recover soil properties in order to carry the applied loadings of structures. One of the technology of soil advancement is use of admixtures. In Iraq, the tires Reclaim are produced by Ministry of Industry and Metals with low costs because it is considered as a by-product of tires manufacturing. This paper concerned with investigates the use of Reclaim as additive to soil. The effect of Reclaim on California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of sandy soil is studied. Many of laboratory tests was carried out on the original soil (0% Reclaim) and using 0.5%, 2%, 4% Reclaim by the weight of soil. A CBR laboratory tests on soil samples without and with Reclaim under 4 days soaking condition to simulate the long-term soaking case. The results show that the dry unit weight of sandy soil increase when the Percent of Reclaim increase. Also, for all cases (0%, 0.5%, 2% and 4%) Reclaim, CBR increase as the dry unit weight increase for each case. The main important conclusion conducted that CBR decrease when the percent of Reclaim increase, thus, use of Reclaim do not improve the soil to carry the applied loads, the increment in CBR varies from 7.6% to 68.8%. Keywords: Improvement soil, CBR, Rclaim, Tires waste.

Ignition of waste paper sludge at elevated temperatures to produce electricity in power generation plants utilizing fluidized bed combustion generates paper sludge ash. Due to the high concentration of lime and gelignite in paper sludge ash, it is expected that it will play a vital role as a cementitious material. This paper investigates the use of paper sludge ash to improve the mechanical properties of the granular materials, which are suitable to subbase course for road and building constructions. Also, a comparison study with the use of Portland cement as an additive to granular materials has been covered. The mechanical properties were evaluated by conducting the California bearing ratio test for the two adopted methods. Moreover, the compressive strength of the samples using paper sludge ash and cement are investigated. In accordance to the California bearing ratio test, 4% paper sludge ash was indicated as the optimum ash content at which the California bearing ratio value increased by 173% and 111% in comparison with untreated material and 6% cement, respectively. On the other hand, and by means of the compressive strength, the granular materials with 4% paper sludge ash has compressive strength higher than those with 6% cement.

THIS PAPER CONDUCTS AN EXPERIMENTAL WORK TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF PP COTTON FIPER ON CBR VALUE OF SUB-BASE MATERIAL COMPARING WITH THE USE OF CEMENT AS AN ADDITIVES MATERIAL TO SUB-BASE .THE RESULTS SHOW THAT THE USE OF FIBER IMPROVES CBR UP TO 1%AND THE USE OF CEMENT IS MORE ECONOMIC THAN THE USE OF FIBER

A lot of materials could be used as an admixture or even as an essential part of concrete, the aim of this study is to use the Gabbro rocks as a fine and coarse aggregate in concrete.The used Gabbro in study is obtained from waste black granite (as it's locally named). Results showedasignificantincrease in compressive, tensile and flexural strength when using Gabbro as fine and coarse aggregates, comparing with normal aggregate concrete; compressive strength started to increase from 35.1 MPa for reference mixes up to to 56.8MPa for Gabbro concrete (GC) whileflexural strength increased significantly from 3.2 MPafor reference mix to 10.3 MPa to GC concrete (221% increment).

ABSTRACT The industrial by product materials which are generated from cement manufacturing must be managed responsibly, such as the other industries, to assure a safe and clean climate. Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) is a by product substance of the cement production method. The majority of CKD is recycled back into the cement kiln as a raw feed. Other beneficial applications were then adopted such as agricultural soil improvement, stabilization of pavement base courses, treatment of wastewater and waste remediation. This research introduces a new method to upgrade the performance of the granular materials which are normally used in subbase courses. The proposed method can be characterized by adding CKD lining within this layer. CKD lining was with 0.1H (0.1 of the total thickness of granular material samples) and posted in different locations from the top of the specimen i.e. 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.5H. The mechanical properties, by means of California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, has been improved significantly as it increased almost three times when 0.1H of CKD lining placed on 0.2H in comparison with untreated material. Also, this improvement can reduce the total asphalt concrete layers by almost 30% in accordance to the pavement structural analysis which is conducted in the present study. Keywords: CKD, granular materials, CBR, subbase course, soil stabilization