نوره فرحان حسن العابدي

Abstract: Background:- Diabetes mellitus called “silent killer disease” and studies have shown that diabetes is now one of the most serious health threatening diseases worldwide, it is now as one of the most difficult problems in the public health. It is a serious, chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. This disease is a disturbance in the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat, and protein that is caused by due to lose of insulin producing cells in the pancreas or decreased tissues sensitivity to insulin that results in increased level of glucose in the blood. Methodology:-Descriptive study is carried out at High Health Institution in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf, from November 14th, 2018 to March, 27th, 2019, in order to assess student's knowledge concerning diabetes mellitus in High Health Institution, and to find out the association between knowledge of students and their demographic characteristics. Result:-The findings of the present study indicated that overall assessment of the second stage student's knowledge about diabetes mellitus at High Health Institution in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf was moderate. Conclusion:-The study concluded that there is a strong effect of the student's demographic data and student's knowledge about diabetes mellitus. Recommendations:-The study recommended that reinforcement should be an intensive comprehensive wide population-based (national level) studies could be conducted to assess the factors, which affect the knowledge about diabetes mellitus, with suitable solutions for these factors to improve the level student's knowledge. Health education programs should be implemented to increase the student's knowledge about the importance of chronic disease and the possible solutions for this problem. Health oriented mass media approach should be employed to increase the health staff awareness about the policies that should be used to improve the knowledge about diabetes mellitus, establishment of special policies deal with the monitoring and managing the problems that are associated with the patients' suffering by diabetes mellitus. Health oriented mass media approach should be employed to increase population knowledge and awareness of diabetes mellitus and the importance of the patients management. Key words: Assessment, Knowledge, Diabetes Mellitus, Second Stage Students of the High Health

ABSTRACT Objectives:-To find out the effect of instructional program on Teachers' knowledge about chickenpox disease. To find out association between the instructional program and demographic characteristics of teachers Methodology: A quasi-experimental design was carried out Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Education Directorate / Primary Schools, from January 2019 until March 2019. Results: The results of present study shows that most of the study group has been weak knowledge in pre-test; a high significant mean difference among study group concerning to their pre-test and post-test scores; There is a clear difference between the post test of the control group who have not been exposed to any instructional program and the study group who were exposed to instructional sessions. Conclusion: There is an improvement in teachers' knowledge in the study group in post-test after exposure to the instructional program. Mass media is the main source of Teachers' knowledge regarding chickenpox diseases. Recommendations: Teachers need to join special courses to improve their knowledge so that they can contribute in educating students through the information obtain from the courses because the students in this age group are more affected by the teacher.

Objectives:To assess senior nursing students' knowledge regarding pediatric basic life support; to find out association between students' knowledge and socio-demographic data. Methodology: A descriptive design cross-section study was carried out at college of nursing in Middle Euphrates, from January 2019 until March 2019. Results: The findings of present study indicate that the (65.2%) from the study sample have incorrect knowledge about pediatric basic life support; non-significant association between student's knowledge about pediatric basic life support with socio-demographic data. Conclusion: Regarding to overall assessment of student knowledge, most of them have poor knowledge about pediatric basic life support. The mass media is the main source of student knowledge about pediatric basic life support. Recommendations: Pediatric basic life support should be considered as a part of nursing academic curriculum; Education program for nursing students to increase their knowledge about pediatric basic life support.

Abstract: Objective: this study aimed to assess risk factors of cholelithiasis for patients under waiting surgery in al-najaf al-ashraf governorate hospitals, and to find out relationship between risk factorsrelatedcholelithiasis and patients' demographic characteristics.Methodology:A descriptive study design (cross section) was carried out through the present study in order to achieve the early stated objectives. From period 25th of Dec 2018 to 20th of May 2019. A non-Probability (Purposive Sample) of (120) patient with whowere prepared to admitting to operation room for cholecystectomy. The study is conducted in Al-Najaf City/ Health Directorate of Al-Najaf AL-Ashraf/ AL- Sadder Medical City/ Operation Rooms. Data collected through using a questionnaire consisting of two parts: (7) items, which included age, gender, level of education, residency, marital status, socio-economic status and occupational status part II: This part consists of (12) items,related to risk factors including family history of GS, past history of liver diseases, history of D.M., Smoking, Drinking Alcohol, Drinking Beverages Containing Caffeine, BMI, History of rapid weight loss, hyperlipidemia, pregnancy, daily activities and diet.Results: The study shows the most of the study sample with cholecystectomy (76.7%) are female sex within age group (31-40) years old most of them married, also A significant relationship (p<0.05)between age and DM history and diet. A significant relationship (p<0.05) between gender and each of smoking, drinking alcohol, DM history, pregnancy and daily activities Conclusion: Generally, the study confirms that increasing age, obesity, diabetes mellitus, smoking and diet, are major risk factors of gallstone disease.

ABSTRACT To identify the adolescents life style, to assess adolescents life style with smart devices and socio demographic characteristics. A descriptive study designed to found relationship between smart devices and adolescents life style in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf from 5 September to 10 November 2019. The findings of present study indicate that more than 64% of the study sample between age group (12- 15) years old, (72.2%) are males, (76.3%) from them are graduated from primary school, regarding to overall assessment of psychological and physical domain with smart devices are acceptable. Finally, there is a significant relationship between social lifestyle with smart devices in items as numbered (4, 8, 13 and 14) with gender of participants. The study confirms that there is a significant negative impact on psychological aspect. so that these devices affect the psychological state of the teenager negatively .The study indicate that there was a very significant impact on the social aspect of adolescents so that these devices cause social isolation.. Preferably rationalize the acquisition and use of adolescent smart devices under the direct and continuous supervision of the guardian. Enhancing the role of the parents in educating the adolescent about the harm caused by smart device. Parents should allocate specific time to treat the teenager with smart devices, and be after Ending his or her educational and social requirements. Provide sports activities, social and scientific by the family of the teenager, through which invest his time and reduce his recourse to these devices to fill his spare time.

Abstract: Objective: this study aimed to evaluate of nurse's practice regarding indwelling catheter in Al-Najaf hospitals and to find out the relationship between nursing practice and their demographic data. Methodology: Descriptive evolutional study (Quantitative) was carried out to evaluate the Nurses practice regarding to indwelling catheter in Al-Najaf City/ Health Directorate of Al- Najaf Al-Ashraf / Al-Sadder medical city and Al-Zahraa teaching hospitals .The study was carried out from January 1st, 2018 up to March 20th, 2018. A non-probability (purposive) sampling technique was used consisting of (60) female nurses that perform indwelling catheter procedure. Data collected through using of a well-designed questionnaire consist of two parts including, Part I: Socio-demographic Characteristics: This part consists of (7) items,( including gender, age, and marital status, level of education, occupational status, residency, and socio-economic status) and Part II: indwelling catheter insertion checklist, that consisting of 21 questions about indwelling catheter insertion. Result: The findings of the present study indicate that the overall evaluations for nurse’s practices are good. In addition there are non- significant relationship between the nurses' practices and their demographic data except with their economic status at p-value less than 0.05. Conclusions: It is concluded that most of the nurses have good practices related indwelling catheter procedure. Recommendations: Based on study conclusion, its need for a conducting and developing catheterization research that may contribute in reducing infectious problems of patient who need temporary or permanent for urinary catheter. Involving the nursing staff in educational