Nawras Alwan Hussain Al-Barqaawi

The aim of the current study is to find the levels of MIP and IL-23 in the serum of a group of male patients infected with Toxoplasma gondii who were diagnosed with the disease by rapid IGg screening and to find the levels of IGg protein in the blood serum of a group of male patients infected with the disease. The aforementioned immune indicators in the serum of healthy people as a control group. Blood samples were taken from donors who came to the main blood bank in Najaf Al-Ashraf, and the relationship between these immune indicators was studied using ELISA technology. The total number of males was (78), (48) of whom were sick males and (30) healthy males who were not infected with the disease. The study showed that the percentage of infected males was 61% and those who were not infected were (4.38%). Age was studied and it was found that there was no significant difference in the age of patients and healthy people, and that the age range of patients was between (16 - 56) years. Serum tests were conducted for MIP, there was a slight increase, and a highly significant increase for IL-23.The current study demonstrated the existence of positive relationships between MIP-1 and IL-23

The delicate interplay between host immune responses and the evasion strategies of parasites is pivotal in determining disease outcomes. Toxoplasma gondii, a widespread protozoan parasite, triggers complex immune reactions involving various cell types and cytokines. Here, we investigated the levels of two key chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α), in male patients with Toxoplasma infection compared to healthy controls. Method: We recruited 78 male subjects suspected of Toxoplasmosis, alongside 30 healthy males as controls, and collected blood samples from August 2023 to February 2024. MCP-1 and MIP-1α concentrations were measured using ELISA kits. Results: Our findings revealed a significant increase in serum MCP-1 levels among Toxoplasma-infected patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). Additionally, a positive correlation between MCP-1 and MIP-1 was observed. Specifically, serum levels of MIP-1 positively and significantly correlated with MCP-1 levels in patients with chronic Toxoplasmosis (R2 = 0.0147). The mean concentration of MCP-1 was markedly higher in patients with Toxoplasmosis (41.08 ± 6.410 pg/ml) compared to the control group (27.73 ± 1.124 pg/ml) (p < 0.001). Similarly, the mean concentration of MIP-1α was elevated in Toxoplasma-infected individuals (12.06 ± 2.122 pg/ml) compared to healthy controls (6.971 ± 0.4809 pg/ml). Conclusion: These findings highlight the role of MCP-1 and MIP-1α in the immune response to Toxoplasma infection and suggest their potential as biomarkers for disease monitoring. Understanding the dynamics of these chemokines may aid in the development of targeted interventions and therapeutic strategies for Toxoplasmosis.