منى هاشم غزاي الغنامي

Medicinal plants (Rosmarinus officinalis and Alhagi maurorum) alcoholic extracts inhibitory effect against Tribolium castaneum adults were examined with concentrations 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml through 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively. The total results indicate that the two plants can be used as insecticides for T. castaneum. However ,The results indicated a significant difference between the two plants in the adult mortality rate, where were adults mortality rate of treatment with plant extract Alhagi maurorum (2.37) in contrast to the plant Rosmarinus officinalis which amounted to (1.19) after 72 hours of treatment. The results showed nonsignificant differences between concentrations of the plant extract Rosmarinus officinalis in the adult mortality Tribolium castaneum in 24 and 48 hours , while there was a significant difference between concentrations in 72 hours where was the adult mortality rate 5.67 with concentration 100 mg/ml and 1 with concentration 50 and 75 mg/ml respectively. In addition, there were significant differences with extract of Alhagi maurorum between the concentrations in the adult mortality rate at 24 and 48 hours, but the results showed significant differences between the concentrations of the extract in 72 hours reaching 1.33, 4.33 and 5.67 respectively with the concentrations 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml respectively.

The infestation with amoebic dysentery and giardiasis in the intestine play an important role in the human health deϑiciency in Al-Najaf since the infections may lead to gastroenteritis in human. To learn about the range of extending amoebic dysentery and giardiasis in people ( male and female ) which their ages range (1-50 ) years old this study was established for 7 months (January 2018 to July 2018) in Al-Najaf. A total of 377 patient examined in this study,119 infections Giardia lamblia and 258 infections Entamoeba histolytica, Results indicated that the highest infection was 16.3 in age range (31-40 ) in male patients infected with giardiasis, and in amoebic dysentery also the highest infection was 17.8 in age range (31-40) in male . its referred that no significant differences between Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia according to age (31-40) in male. As The results indicated that the rate of infection in males is higher than females in all age and in both parasites. The results recorded the highest rate of infection in both parasites during the months of the study in July reaching 12.9 in Giardia lamblia and 19.2 in Entamoeba histolytica , This is evidence of signiϑicant differences between Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica in infections during the months of the study, Where the rate of infection was increased in the amoebic dysentery reaching(16.3 in April),(19.4 in May and June) and (19.7 July ) respectively

Abstract During a period extending from July 2012 to July 2013, a total of 251 avian cases admitted for medically care unit in the veterinary hospital in Al-Najaf governorate were examined and involved in this study. The study was applied to determine risk factors affecting by avian influenza virus infection among poultry flocks in Al-Najaf-Iraq. The study revealed that poultry flocks had a considerable risk of infection with H9 subtypes according to the PCR assay. Primarily, infected birds were investigated by rapid test for the detection of type A of influenza viral antigen, based on monoclonal antibodies. Identification was also confirmed by PCR assay for the amplification of a specific region within the H9 genome. Propagation and adaptation of 5 strong positive H9 isolates on rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD) and chick embryo fibroblast was done by cell culture techniques, for the demonstration of specific type of cytopathic effect (CPE) caused by these isolates. The observation of specific H9 cytopathic effect was also confirmed by indirect immunoflourescent antibody technique. The two types of cells involved different degrees of sensitivity for supporting the growth of H9 virus; RD cell line was sensitive enough to support the growth of the virus, followed by chick embryo fibroblast cells. The halve tissue culture infective dose(TCID50) of the virus was elevated with the subsequent passages till reach its peak (108 TCID50/0.1ml) during 6th passage on RD cells and 105 TCID50 /0.1ml during 7th passage on chick embryo cells, Our results indicated that H9 type is dominant in Najaf area, RD cell line is typical for culturing the virus, the addition of trypsin is very helpful for the cultivation of H9 influenza virus. Vaccination and increasing workers knowledge could prevent future infections.

Kefir fermentation in various sugar media were studied, Lactose as a manufacture sugar and Molasses as a natural sugar. The results indicates there was an exponential correlation between fermentation of lactose and the increase of temperature, fermentation was increased at 35°C and decreased at 40°C . also found fermentation Lactose more than Molasses. sugar concentration and media acidity were found as a function of fermentation. The propagation of Kefir in M E M and sugar media also studied and found that in M E M and Lactose more than M E M and Molasses and these more than only M E M , as well as propagation was found in 6th dilution greater than in 5th dilution.

شملت الدراسة الحالية التحري عن نسب الاصابة بطفيلي ديدان الكبد العملاقة Fasciola gigantica في المضائف النهائية في محافظة النجف في الفترة من تموز 2009 لغاية حزيران 2010 فحصت عينات الاكباد التي جمعت من ثلاثة مجازر هي ( النجف ، الكوفة و المناذرة ) والتي تضم (52775 ( رأساً من الاغنام ، (23678 ) رأساً من الابقار ، (3208 ) رأساً من الجاموس و (26374) رأساً من الماعز والتي أظهرت نسب أصابة (01.3 ،1.51 ، 3.05 و 0.55 ) % على التوالي . لوحظ هنالك فروقات معنوية بين نسب الاصابة في المجازر الثلاثة إذ ظهرت نسبة الأصابة في مجزرة الكوفة في كل من الاغنام و الابقار و الجاموس و الماعز (3.83 ، 3.58 ،9.25 و3.12 ) % على التوالي ونسبة الأصابة في مجزرة المناذرة لنفس الحيوانات ( 6.44 ، 1.17 ، 4.96 و 6.30 ) % على التوالي وفي مجزرة النجف (0.82 ،0.94 ، 0.93 ، 0.45 ) لنفس الحيوانات أيضا . الدراسة شملت أيضاً تشخيص بيوض الطفيلي بتقنية الترسيب وتم التعرف على حساسية وخصوصية جميع الحيوانات في هذه الدراسة إذ كانت الحساسية الكلية 93.26% والخصوصية 100 % . وإتضح بأن نسب الحساسية لكل من الماعز ، الابقار ، الجاموس والاغنام (15، 41.6 ، 20 و 16.66 ) % على التوالي

شملت الدراسة الحالية التحري عن نسب الاصابة بطفيلي ديدان الكبد العملاقة Fasciola gigantica في المضائف الوسطية في محافظة النجف في الفترة من تموز 2009 لغاية حزيران 2010 فحصت عينات المضائف الوسطية Lymneae auricularia التي جمعت من ثلاثة مناطق (منخفض بحر النجف ، قضاءالكوفة والمناذرة ) وسجلت عدة إصابات بهذا الطفيلي إذ كانت نسب الاصابة 5.08 % في المناذرة ،2.45 % في الكوفة و0.92 % في منخفض بحر النجف .

Toxoplasmosis is a well-known and widespread parasite infection. Although diagnosis has come a long way, therapeutic approaches have not changed since the 1940s. Using SOCl2/EtOH as a catalyst, the Claisen-Schmidt condensation method has been used in this study to effectively synthesize chalcone. The anti-parasitic effect of the synthesized chalcone was evaluated at doses of 1, 10, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/ml against isolated Toxoplasma Gondii from aborted cases compared with spiramycin. The isolated T. Gondii in this therapeutic investigation was used as strong positive specimens for inoculum on Vero cells for parasite propagation. A significant reduced the fold expression values (2^-∆∆CT), which are a measure of how well chalcone inhibits the proliferation of parasites. Compared with spiramycin, which demonstrated an IC50 of 281.19 g/mL, chalcone has an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 142.9 μg/mL. The results of this study reveal that chalcone can be used as a medication to treat toxoplasmosis because it had an antiparasitic impact on T. Gondii. To assess the therapeutic index of chalcone, molecular, synergistic, and in vivo monitoring investigations are essential.