مهند حميد ياسر العطوي

The impact of decision ethics on staff and the future of organizations in general has received a great deal of attention in organizational science, since the institutionalization of ethical practices often encourages individuals to believe more strongly that employers engage in ethical work. These beliefs often lead to a variety of positive job responses, so it is interesting to look at the entire ethical decision-making process, without distinguishing between recognition of ethical dilemmas and moral behavior. In this sense, our study came in an attempt to identify the objective of the study was to identify the effect of emotional flexibility through three dimensions (adaptability, main readiness and social arts) as an explanatory variable in the decision-making ethics as a responsive variable. The sample of the sample was (195) employees out of (293), and 187 questionnaires were retrieved (66%). The research included two main hypotheses for testing the relationship of correlation and effect between search variables. The results were extracted using the SPSS. The most important findings of the research are that the awareness of the individuals in the study sample and their response to the changing circumstances made them observe ethical behavior when making decisions concerning the future of the organization being investigated.

The study aims to measure the impact of financial resilience on the financial failure caused by the Corona pandemic, and 12 of the companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange were selected as a sample of the study, and the study was based on a nine-year time series (2010-2018). The problem of the study was that studies and intellectual problems among researchers and intellectuals did not reach the level of cognitive maturity in trying to explain the failure of companies, and a number of statistical methods and methods were used to analyze the study variables and test hypotheses, the coefficient of multiple linear regression and test (f) and the coefficient of interpretation (R2) and through the outputs of statistical programs adopted in this field (EViews-9). After analyzing the data and hypotheses of the study, a number of conclusions were reached, most notably the existence of a morally significant adverse effect of financial resilience in financial failure, and based on the conclusions a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to increase the debt capacity and retain cash holdings to face negative shocks (due to low stock prices) and to face crises caused by abnormal circumstances.

The current study aims to reveal the impact of the sources of the financial structure that consists of (the right of ownership in book value to total assets and total short-term debt to total assets and the market value of shares to total assets and retained earnings to total assets) as independent variables, in financial stability as a dependent variable. In order to achieve the aims of the study and answer its questions, the study tested a sample of the industrial companies contributing, using that data published on the website of the Iraq Stock Exchange for the period (2010-2018). The sample includes (11) industrial companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. The most important finding of the results is that financing the right of ownership in the book value to the total assets has a role in achieving financial stability for the industrial sample companies. In other words, the high percentage of financing the right to ownership in the book value to the total assets can increase the financial stability of companies through its impact on the cost of financing in general. The research concludes that it is necessary to keep the ownership rights high because that enables companies to obtain the necessary financing at the lowest costs, and reduce dependence on debt financing, which leads to financial stability.

Earnings quality usually affects the overall performance of companies. Although there is little empirical evidence on this issue, the literature indicates that the earnings quality may lead to easier access to investors and creditors, which enhances the financial performance of companies. This paper tests whether the earnings quality will prevent companies from reaching the stage of failure, using a set of data from companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. The research found that the quality of receivables, which is the amount of change in cash flows from operating activities, has a negative impact on the value of (Z), meaning that the value of (Z) decreases as a result of companies' weakness in achieving benefits from their operational activities. In addition, the continuity of profits hinders the financial success of companies leading to a decrease in the value of (Z) and that most companies in most periods suffer from failure to achieve profits or financial dues. There is no ability to predict the profits of companies, expected to cause a change in financial performance, and get rid of the low performance curve. The results confirmed that the researched Iraqi companies are either failing or on the way to failure, which needs a serious consideration to address the problems of the product provided by them, examining operational activities and working to improve cash flows that have a role in achieving financial success.

The literature suggests that leadership positively affects the overall performance of organizations, as the search results show that the Servant leadership virtuous characteristics of its indicators have been to a degree, The administrative Servant leadership in educational institutions is high, because the administrative leader contributes to To obtain the necessary qualifications for his work with him. It encourages others to take the lead Initiative. Studies also pointed to intellectual capital, which leads to easy access to customers and investors, thereby enhancing the overall performance of organizations. Tests for this study will determine whether the Servant leadership is performing To promote intellectual capital, In this study, the relationship between the Servant leadership of the Khidmah, which was formed by six indicators, was examined: Conceptual skills, empowerment, concern for subordinates for development and success, acting ethic, emotional treatment and commitment to community development and its relationship to intellectual capital. A random sample of the staff of Kufa University was taken and made up of (127) staff members. Hypotheses were tested using the Statistical Program (SPSS V20), which found that Servant leadership practices are positively reflected in the organization's retention of intellectual capital. A positive impact on the Servant leadership of intellectual capital has been achieved, and the research organization must consider the practice of leading methods leading to the retention of intellectual capital.

This paper focused on studying the role of shared leadership in its elements (planning and organization, problem solving, support, development and direction) in reduction of organizational silence according to the dimensions of (acquiescence silence, defensive silence and social silence) The sample of the paper includes workers in the General Company for Southern Cement their number (90) people, by Using a questionnaire that was designed and tested to measure the target sample answers, data that was used to test the hypotheses that revolves around a test between two variables influencing the collection has come to search a set of conclusions, that most important one is that one of reasons that reduce or increase the organizational silence is leadership, and was experimented with a new style, a shared leadership and turned out to be solution to reduce the administrative problems of the company, as it aims to post workers in the development of plans and implementation and this affects in reducing the negativity of organizational silence which causes the reduction of creativity and weak making of decision and weak communications, as well as the weakness of the flow of knowledge.

الغرض يهدف البحث الى الكشف عن العلاقة والاثر بين المقدرات الجوهرية من خلال مصادرها ( التعلم التنظيمي، إدارة التكنولوجيا، رأس المال البشري، المرونة الاستراتيجية) والتسويق الريادي من خلال ابعادها(توجه نحو المبادرة، توجه نحو استثمار الفرص ,الابداع في المنتج، تحمل المخاطر، تعظيم الموارد وخلق قيمة للزبون ). ومنهجية البحث حددت مشكلة البحث في عدة تساؤلات تمحورت حول طبيعة علاقة الارتباط والتأثير بين متغيرات البحث ، ولاجل ذلك وضع مخطط فرضي للبحث يعبر عن اثنان من الفرضيات الرئيسة، ولأجل التاكد من صحة الفرضيات خضعت جميعها لاختبارات متعددة للتأكد من مدى صحتها . وقد استعمل البحث الاستبانه وسيلة للحصول على البيانات .اما منهج البحث استعمل البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي كمنهج للبحث . مجتمع البحث (959) مدير شركة خاصة صغيرة او متوسطة الحجم العاملة في محافظة النجف الاشرف، وطبق البحث العينة العشوائية في اختيار (105) مدير ومثلت العينة نسبة (11%) من مجتمع البحث الكلي . وقد تم تحليل البيانات باستخدام مجموعة من الأساليب الإحصائية( معامل ارتباط كندال، معامل التحديد البسيط والمتعدد ) واستخرجت النتائج باستخدام البرنامج الحاسوبي(pct v.10 SPSS). وتوصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات منها لم يثبت وجود تأثير ذو دلاله معنوية للتعلم التنظيمي في التسويق الريادي مما يعني ان الشركات لم تضع اهداف محددة لفهم الافكار الجديدة سواء من معرفة افراد العاملين او من خارج الشركة .

الغرض من البحث الحالي التعرف على مستوى ممارسة جامعة الكوفة لقابلیات ادارة المعرفة، والتعرف على تأثیر قابلیات ادارة المعرفة في بناء جامعة متعلمة، اما منهجیة البحث استعمل التحلیل الوصفي في جمع البیانات وتحلیلها،وركزت مشكلة البحث في الإجابة عن الأتي: ما مستوى تاثیر قابلیات ادارة المعرفة في بناء المنظمات المتعلمة للجامعة المبحوثة.ومن اجل تحقیق أهداف البحث والإجابة عن تساؤلاته استخدم البحث الاستبانة كأداة رئیسة لاختبار قابلیات ادارة المعرفة وابعاد المنظمات المتعلمة،وتم اختیار عینة عشوائیة من موظفین جامعة الكوفة البالغ عددهم ( 843 ) وتم توزیع 425 استبانة واسترجعت ( 325 ) استبانة جاهزة للتحلیل الاحصائي . اظهرت النتائج ان الجامعة بصورة عامة بحاجة ماسة الى قابلیات ادارة المعرفة في تطویر قابلیات اف ا ردها ثم تطویر قد ا رتها لان مبدأ المنظمات المتعلمة ینطلق من تعلم الاف ا رد بشكل جماعي ثم یعكس ذلك على المنظمة ككل. الكلمات الرئیسة: قابلیات ادارة المعرفة، قابلیات اكتساب المعرفة ،قابلیات تحویل المعرفة ،قابلیات تطبیق المعرفة ،المنظمات المتعلمة، القیادة، الاست ا رتیجیة، التغییر، التعلم.

The purpose:-the paper aims at define the relation and Impact Core Competences via (the organizational learning, technology management, human capital and the strategic flexibility) in achieving Dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing (proactive orientation, opportunity orientation, innovation in product, risk taking, resource leveraging and value creation of customer). The paper Method:-the paper problem is defined within a set of questions that deal with the nature of the affecting relation between the paper variables and the differences between the companies according to the sectors where they works, hence a hypothetical plan had been put for the paper to express four main hypotheses. To verify these hypotheses all are put under many tests. To obtain the required data we used the questionnaires as well as the descriptive analytic method as a method for the paper. The paper samples were (959) directors of a small and middle companies in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf province. The deliberate sample is used to test (105) directors and this sample occupied 11% of the total paper samples. The data are analyzed by a set of the statistical styles (Kendall's Rank Correlation, the simple and multi Linear Regression). The results are obtained by program (spsspct v. 10) The Paper Value:-The paper obtained a set of the theoretical and field results, the most important ones are:-the companies are not defined because the followed standards are insufficient, the companies did not put defined aims to understand the new ideas of the working individuals or from those who are out of the cowpony. The companies test their external environment and their variables …