mohammed saeed Abdulzahra AL-Naseri

Background: Red cell distribution width (RDW) is an important parameter that has a critical impact on the severity of coronary arterydisease, especially on that of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Objective: This study was aimed to determine the effect of elevated RDWon the outcome of AMI. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, case–control study conducted on two groups of participants; the first group (cases) comprised 87 patients suffering from AMI, while the second one (controls) comprised an equal number of patientshaving stable angina. Matching of controls to patients was done according to age (within 5 years) and gender. The study extended from thebeginning of October 2017 to the end of March 2018. Participants in both groups were collected from Al‑Sadr Teaching Hospital and MerjanMedical City at Iraqi Najaf and Babylon Governorates, respectively. RDW values were determined by the use …

الوصف Background: The present study aimed to determine the most efficient insulin resistance function related to gly-cemic control expressed as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM). The other aim is to derive equations for the prediction of beta cell functions containing HbA1c as a parameter in addition to fasting glucose and insulin. Methods: T2DM Patients were grouped according to the following:(1) degree of control (good, fair, and poor control) and (2) insulin resistance as observed in obtained data and significant differences revealed by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of related parameters (insulin resistance= HOMA2IR, beta-cell function= HOMA% B, and in sulin sensitivity= HOMA% S) among groups. Corre-lations and forecasting regression analysis were calculated. Results: HbA1c was found to be correlated with insulin resistance parameters in T2DM

Summary Purpose The objective of this study is to assess the effect of the candesartan on the progression of atherosclerosis through the downregulation of NF‐κβ and interference with oxidative pathway. Methods Twenty‐four rabbits were assigned to three groups: control group fed normal diet; induced untreated group fed 1% cholesterol diet; and treated candesartan group also fed 1% cholesterol diet. Plasma lipid profiles were measured, and ELISA for plasma cytokines and chemokine was performed. Analyses of NF‐κβ and VCAM‐1 were performed using Western blotting with RT‐PCR for NF‐κB activity at mRNA. Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate aortic intima‐media thickness, and atheroma was detected by H&E staining. Immunofluorescent staining was performed to confirm accumulation of monocytes and PMNs. Results Candesartan markedly reduced the levels of the plasma lipid profile including total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], and LDL‐C, while significantly elevating levels in the plasma HDL‐C, in addition to reducing cytokine (TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β) and chemokine levels (MCP‐1). Also, it decreased the aortic malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and elevated the aortic glutathione (GSH) level compared with untreated animals (P < 0.05). The triplex Doppler ultrasound study confirmed that the candesartan attenuated intima‐media thickness at 6 months of study. All candesartan‐treated rabbits showed significantly attenuated atherosclerosis lesions with reduced accumulation of monocytes and had significantly reduced VCAM‐1 expression and NF‐κβ activity. Conclusion Candesartan retards the progression of atherosclerosis via interference with NF‐κβ and oxidative pathways.

Purpose: The new oral anticoagulants, namely direct factor Xa inhibitors and direct thrombin inhibitors, have been shown to be effective in preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We systematically reviewed their risk of major and clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding and efficacy in stroke prevention in AF. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched in July 2012 for eligible randomized controlled trials evaluating new oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in AF. We used a Mantel-Haenszel random-effects model and calculated risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 14 studies randomizing 61,942 participants were included. New oral anticoagulants were associated with a reduced incidence of stroke and systemic embolism (compared to controls: RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.63–0.88, P= 0.0004 …

Background: Iron overload is an important issue in the state of thalassemic patients due to the harmful effect of high concentration of iron deposited in different tissues in human body including endocrine glands. In the present work, an attempt is carried out to estimate the effect of iron overload in thalassemic patients on the function of endocrine glands through the estimation of their ability to secrete adequate amounts of certain hormones. Materials and Methods: Seventy eight male children with beta-thalassemia, in the age-group of 4–11 years, were enrolled for this research. These children were being treated with frequent transfusions and long-term iron chelation therapy. Thirty age and sex matched children without thalassemia constituted the control group. Ferritin and different hormones were estimated by ELISA technique. Results: The results showed a mild reduction in the function of endocrine glands through the decrease in the level of some hormones. These changes due mainly to the hypoxia and precipitation of iron in certain glands and overlapping with the synthesis or secretion of the hormones. Conclusion: There is a different hormonal disturbances in beta thalassemia patients. Reduction of total body iron store is an important goal of the treatment of thalassemia and measuring the hormones concentration is necessary for the follow up of the thalassemic patients especially during puberty