د. خليل زينل خليل العلو

Chronic kidney disease is consider to be a major health issue which affecting high percent of population worldwide. This study attempted to determine the effects of chronic kidney disease on the function of thyroid gland by measuring its hormones levels . There were 70 subjects included in this study their age between 20 to 70 years divided into two groups, patients and control groups each one contain 35 persons. Blood was obtained from the all subjects for measuring the levels of thyroid hormones . There was increasing in the incidence of chronic kidney disease in the fifties of age as the results of this study revealed. The levels of thyroid hormones recorded significantly P≤0.05 decreasing in patients with chronic kidney disease when compared with healthy persons. For conclude, chronic kidney disease leads to significant changes in the levels of thyroid hormones that need to be carefully interpreted in these patients.

Disruption in the epigenetic mechanisms is one of the causes of cancer; particularly in the gut. It has been elucidated that multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations during this process caused by chronic inflammation play a crucial role in the cancer progress. DNA methylation impairment as a leading change is caused during the proliferation of Helicobacter pylori. It has been unraveled that numerous tumor suppressor genes are regulated by related promoter methylation, justifying environmental factors inducing gastric carcinoma. H. pylori infection affects various cells through inflammation, changes in apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells into oncogenic cells. This is exerted through intracellular pathways in epithelial cells such as mitogenactivated protein kinase, Nuclear factor kB, activator protein, Wnt/b-catenin, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathways, signal transducers and transcriptional activators. The accumulations of cytosine methylation free radicals damage the DNA; hence nitric oxide (NO) alters the DNA-methylating enzymes function. Accordingly, gastritis due to H. pylori infection results in the inflammation and triggers signaling pathways mostly inducing gastrointestinal cancer. Noticeably, H. pylori-induced microRNAs exert epigenetic changes influencing various processes most of which including immune responses, autophagy, cell cycle and apoptosis. These mechanisms also stimulate gastric cancer progress. It is noteworthy that gene expression regulation through epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and micro-RNAs include major cellular pathways regulators. These epigenetic alterations represent prominent candidates for describing environmental factors roles in the genomic and cellular function enhancing the gastrointestinal carcinoma by H. pylori.

Al-Dujaily AH, Al-Alo KZK, Mohmoud MHS., Hematology, bacteriology and antibiotic resistance in milk of water buffalo with subclinical mastitis, Onl J Vet Res., 23 (1): 1-8, 2019. Authors report hematology, bacteriology and antibiotic sensitivity in milk from 43 water buffalo with subclinical mastitis compared with 60 healthy controls. Blood was taken for hematology and biochemistry, and milk for California mastitis, culture and antibiotic sensitivity tests. We detected S aureus in milk of 72% of buffalo with mastitis. Compared with controls, red blood cell count was 26%, hemoglobin 14% and packed cell volume 10% lower (P < 0.05) in buffalo with mastitis. White blood cell counts were 20% greater (P< 0.05) in those with mastitis but there were no differences with mean corpuscular volume or mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration compared with controls. In cows with mastitis, total serum protein was 20%, alanine 29%, aspartate transaminase 24%, alanine phosphatase 36% and lactate dehydrogenase 38% higher (P < 0.05), compared with controls. S. Aureus were 100% sensitive to vancomycin 87% to ciprofloxacin, but resistant to penicillin (100%) and erythromycin (77%).

Purpose To evaluate bacterial agents as cancer biomarkers. Methods and Results Various bacterial species have been demonstrated to involve in human cancers. However, the data is not enough for better understanding of predominant specific species. Application of a rapid and early-diagnostic, cost-effective, noninvasive, and inclusive method is a crucial approach for obtaining valid results. The role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in gastric and duodenal cancer has been confirmed. From investigation among previous publications, we attempted to make it clear which bacterial species significantly and specifically increase in various cancer types. It was unraveled that there is significant change in Granulicatella adiacens (G. adiacens) in lung cancer (LC), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in colorectal cancer (CRC), H. pylori and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in pancreatic cancer, and Streptococcus spp. in oral cancer. Conclusion Alteration in the cell cycle by means of different mechanisms such as inflammation, alteration in cell signaling, invasion and immune evasion, specific niche colonization, induction of DNA damage and mutation, expression of some microRNAs, and enhancing epigenetic effects are the most common mechanisms employed by bacterial species.

Hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus is a major zoonotic diseases. In addition to imposing heavy economic losses, the disease is a public health problem worldwide. The larval stage of the parasite (hydatid cyst) is formed in a wide range of domestic, wild and human beings as intermediate hosts. On the other, its recurrence has been reported anywhere as a reemerging disease. Although the cysts have some evading mechanisms, both human TH1 and TH2 cells subsets are stimulated. Because of increasing resistance and adverse effects of medications such as abnormalities of liver and other organs functions and abdominal pain, seeking alternative therapeutic approaches to be inexpensive, easy available, with low side effects and toxicity seems essential. However, the lack of information on the social and economic welfares of herbal medicines for the industrial scale application is a limitation. Zataria Multiflora bois (ZMB) has exhibited huge advantages and tremendous protoscolicidal effects as demonstrated by numerous studies and its combination therapies with anti-parasitic drugs have exerted desirable outcomes in vitro and in vivo. Noticeably, the compound confers negligible side effects or toxicity even at high concentrations. ZMB has exhibited promising inhibitory effects against hydatid cyst, particularly when combined with chemical drugs and in formulations of nanoemulsions. Its immunomodulatory effects include increase of nitric oxide production (NO) and protection of hepatic cells (Kupffer cells, fat-storing cells, and endothelial cells), enhancement of macrophages and T cells and increase of cytokines production. This study aimed at assessment of ZMB traits for application against hydatid cyst protoscolices.

Hematology, bacteriology and antibiotic resistance in milk of water buffalo with subclinical mastitis

Passive protective effect of anti-K99 antibodies against enterotoxigenic E. coli infection in neonatal calves.

Correlation between neonatal calf diarrhea and the level of maternally derived antibodies

Passively acquired antibodies through colostrum will protect calves against etiological agents of neonatal calf diarrhea. Among them enteric diseases due to strains of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are the most commonly occurring form of colibacillosis in newborn calves. Specific antibodies against whole ETEC cells and total immunoglobulin G in dam serum, colostrum and calf serum were determined. There were significant differences (P=0.0005) between antibody titers in normal and diarrheic groups, in which diarrheic group had a higher titer. Total IgG concentration in diarrheic calves (20.86 ± 0.49), their dams (23.48 ± 0.54) and colostrum (33.40 ± 0.50) was less than normal group (P=0.0005). There was a highly significant positive correlation between dam total IgG with calf total IgG (r=0.022; ratio=52.11). Colostral anti-E. coli antibody had a highly significant positive correlation with anti-E. coli in calf serum (r=0.345; ratio=0.62). Anti-E. coli antibody in calf serum had a highly significant negative correlati with total IgG of dam serum, colostrum and calf serum. While the level of anti-E. coli antibodies in diarrheic group was considerably higher than normal group, our findings reported here are in agreement that immunity to diarrhea also might be correlated with maternal cells or cellular components as well as cytokines which are transferred by colostrum to neonatal calves. Nevertheless, the level of maternally derived antibodies is a promising indicator for passive immunity and protection against diarrhea in neonatal calves.

Prevalence of Hydatidosis among slaughtered ruminants in Al-Najaf slaughter house, Al-Najaf, Iraq.

Clinical and biochemical studies on zinc deficiency (hypozincemia) of goat and sheep

Diagnostic and therapeutic study of ring worm disease in fattening calves in Mosul province

Epidemiological and clinical study for ring worm disease in fattening calves in Mosul Province

Prevalence of Hydatidosis among slaughtered ruminants in Al-Najaf slaughter house, Al-Najaf, Iraq

Prevalence of liver fluke and lungworm among slaughtered animals in Al-Najaf abattoir

prevalence and dentification in calves in Al-Manathera city/Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf.

Clinical and therapeutic study of Warble fly in fattening calves.

Pascalia glauca is an invasive and toxic perineal plant native to southern South America. A small populations of plant were recorded for first time in Al-Diwanyia province / Iraq and they was responsible for mortality in grazing cattle. The authors recommend an urgent action by the authorities to control growing this toxic plant before it spreads uncontrollably, as well as a warning notification should be mentioned for the breeder to prevent livestock’s mortality.

Abstract. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is one of the most common causes of respiratory illness in goats globally, resulting in major financial losses. The goal of this Survey was to determine the incidence of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial virus in Al-Najaf goats and the risk factors for this disease. Between December 2021 and November 2022 For this study, 200 goats of various ages and breeds from Al Kufa, Qadisiyia, Hayderia, and Abbasyia in Al-Najaf, Iraq, were tested. The animals' epidemiological information was recorded. An indirect Elisa test kit was used to establish the disease's incidence. The incidence of BRSV in goats was 44.5%, and it was substantially higher in Goats aged more than one-year (50.4%). The incidence of BRSV in male and female goats did not vary significantly. Compared to samples taken during the other seasons, those collected in the winter had a significantly higher BRSV incidence. There was a significantly difference in disease infection rate (P≤0.05) among mixed goats compared with others that were not mixed with other specious. The results revealed that the imported animals had a significantly higher prevalence than the native goats. In Conclusion: Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus is predominant in goats from the Al-Najaf province and risk factors such as animal age, herd size, origin, and the herd’s geographical location are related to an increased occurrence of the disease in this region. Routine vaccination plans must be assumed to decrease the incidence of BRSV in goats

تم التحدث عن جوانب الالتزام بالانطمة والقوانين وموضوع انضباط الطلبة والارشاد النفسي والتربوي.

تم التحدث عن تنظيم الوقت بالنسبة للطالب وكيفية التعامل مع الاولويات

تمت المشاركة في الدورة التدريبية الموسومة استخدامات تقنية الوستيرن بلوت في كلية الطب البيطري جامعة الكوفة.

تمت المشاركة في الدورة التدريبية لبرنامج التطوير الشخصي والمهني وبناء المتعلم لسنة 2018