Karrar Jasim Ramadhan Alaameri

Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have become an effective solution for electricity generation in local grids, especially in the low wind speed and turbulence conditions often found in urban areas. Despite the progress made, the aerodynamic performance of these turbines is still limited due to the complex nature of the airflow and some fundamental design issues. This study aims to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of vertical axis wind turbines by investigating the influence of key design parameters on their performance using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations. The main scientific value of this work is to determine the optimal ratio of the tip speed (TSR) and blade pitch angle that provides maximum aerodynamic efficiency of the turbine, thus improving the energy conversion capabilities compared to the results of previous studies. In ANSYS Fluent, the k turbulent model was used to accurately describe the unstable flow around the blade and determine the pressure and velocity fields. The results indicated that the wind turbine attained maximum aerodynamic performance at a blade pitch angle of 1.5 radians and a tip speed ratio (TSP) of 4.9, reaching an optimal power factor (Cp) of 0.52, showing a notable improvement in overall power conversion efficiency of the system. This research proves that advanced CFD calculations help design better low- and medium-wind VAWTs, enhancing their role in sustainable energy.

This article presents an analysis of the performance of a renewable system. Initially, relies solely on a solar panel system. Then, we add a wind turbine system to create a hybrid (solar and wind) system using Homer software. The results showed that the hybrid system and the stand-alone effectively meet the energy demands. Additionally, the results showed that the hybrid system was the most efficient way to store energy, which can be utilized when demand is high, thereby enhancing the independence and sustainability of the energy system. The simulation results showed that the site’s annual energy consumption was approximately 3230 kWh. In the solar-only case, the photovoltaic system generated 6099 kWh/year, of which about 53% directly met the demand, while the remaining 47% was stored in batteries for use during peak periods or outages. with the integration of a wind turbine to establish a hybrid system, the annual energy production rose to 9940 kWh. Approximately 32.5% of this energy was utilized directly, while the remaining 67.5% was stored in batteries. The hybrid configuration improved total energy generation by 63% and storage utilization by 20.5% maintaining system stability during winter and higher output under summer irradiance conditions.

Najaf city, Iraq currently has no integrated solar power plant to produce electricity, so we seek in this work to design a small, inexpensive solar power plant equipped with cleaning and tracking systems to produce electricity for individual residences. We first review the currently available dual-axis solar tracking systems and simulate the same. A dual-axis solar tracking system increases the output energy of solar panels by tracking the sunlight with the photovoltaic panels. Combining this with a cleaning arm that further increases the output of the solar panels by keeping their surface free of dirt and environmental waste. In the present work, we simulate the proposed system using MATLAB and SolidWorks software and study the weather conditions of Najaf in Iraq, including sunlight intensity, temperature, wind speed, and cloud density. Based on the simulation results and field tests during 2019 and 2020, we conclude that the solar panels tracking is sufficiently stable throughout the year since the cloud density is moderate in Najaf, so the angle of incidence of the sunlight is stable. These results indicate that the use of the Open Loop Sun-tracking system, as opposed to the Closed Loop model, is appropriate for Najaf because the system is less complex and less costly.

In this work, we review and simulate a dual-axis solar tracking system that used to produce electricity. The dual-axis solar tracking system increases the output energy of the solar panel by making the Photovoltaic panels tracking the sunlight, and by adding a cleaning arm that making the panel's surface free from dirt and environmental waste, which affect productivity. Therefore, in this work, we simulated the presented system using MATLAB and SolidWorks software and studied the weather conditions of Najaf city in Iraq, including the intensity of sunlight, temperature, wind speed, and cloud density, which is the study area of our work. After studying the weather of Najaf city and analyzing the mathematical models, we selected the suitable main parts of the system, which including the photovoltaic panel, battery, charger controller, inverter, motors vertical and horizontal rotation, microcontroller, the base and the pillar or the column, the rubber wiper and DC motor, for the cleaning operation, and the Frame. From the obtained results of MATLAB Simulation and after testing the system in different dates at 2019 and 2020 based on the weather of Najaf city, we conclude that the movement of solar panels is remaining stable throughout the year because the density of clouds is moderate in this city, and that leads the sun's movement to be stable. Therefore, the use of the Open Loop sun tracking system model is very appropriate for Najaf city and this leads the system to be less complex and less costly instead of using a Close Loop model. Keywords - MPPT; Photovoltaic (PV); Elevation angle; Azimuth angle; Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System.

This study investigates the tuning of the parameters of a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller to control the level of liquid inside a tank by controlling the fill and discharge valves according to a setpoint (SP). The PID controller compares the process variable (PV) signal obtained using the level sensor and the SP; the difference between the two is termed as the error. This comparison shows that the PID controller produces an output signal to control the opening or closing of the fill and discharge valves. Many liquid-level control systems suffer from instability owing to the large error; therefore, this study seeks to obtain a stable system by reducing the error. The PID controller determines how much and how quickly the correction is applied by using different amounts of proportional, integral, and derivative actions. Each block provides a unique signal, and these are collected to produce the controller output signal. Thereafter, the change in the amount of error before and after the parameters of the PID controller are tuned is compared. We used the FACTORY I/O and Siemens’ Totally Integrated Automation (TIA) Portal programs for performing simulations in our study.

In the recent industry field, automation has become the most important role in production processes to improve efficiency, increase production, and reduce workers. Sorting the products based on their color is a common task in the industries, but using manual sorting may take a longer time and human error may occur, especially if the production quantities are very large. To contribute to improving the quality and speed of production, we have proposed a new system to automatically separate products based on their color. This article presents a new system for identifying and separating industrial products based on their colors. The implemented system consists of three sensors used to detect the colors of products, four chutes and two conveyor belts designed to guide objects along the manufacturing path, and three push mechanisms to place objects in their designated places. The system includes an emergency interface, a reset interface, a stop interface, as well as communication using the PN (PROFINET Process Field Net) protocol, a programmable logic controller (PLC), and a 1511-1CPU. This system has been precisely programmed and simulated using FACTORY I/O software and TIA PORTAL software to control and monitor the system effectively. The SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system also includes an HMI (Human-Machine Interface) user interface for maximum control. The performance of this system was tested by sorting 250 objects of different colors. These tests resulted in the successful separation of a total of 85 blue objects, 89 green objects, and 86 gray (metallic) objects within a time period of 20 minutes. This system shows wide applicability in various industries including diamond mining, recycling, and grain manufacturing sectors.

The Journal of Solar Energy Research (JSER), published by the University of Tehran in the Islamic Republic of Iran, has published a single-author scientific research paper by Lecturer M. Karrar Jasim Al-Aameri from the College of Engineering, University of Kufa, entitled: “Numerical Analysis of the Performance for a Hybrid Renewable System.” The journal is an international peer-reviewed journal indexed in Scopus (Q3 category) and specializes in the fields of solar energy and renewable energy. The published research presents a numerical analytical study on the performance of a hybrid renewable energy system combining photovoltaic panels and wind turbines using the HOMER software, aiming to improve energy generation efficiency and storage performance in off-grid systems. The results demonstrated that the hybrid system produced an annual energy output of 9,940 kWh, representing a 63% increase compared to the PV-only system. In addition, storage efficiency improved by 20.5%, enhancing system stability and sustainability throughout the year. It is worth noting that the Journal of Solar Energy Research is issued by the University of Tehran and is indexed in Scopus and ISC, with a CiteScore of 2.9 according to Elsevier’s 2025 classification.

A workshop was held in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the College of Engineering entitled (Solar Tracking System), delivered by (M.M. Karar Jassim Ramadan). The workshop aims to use solar energy tracking systems and their impact on solar collectors. Solar collectors are devices that convert solar radiation into heat or electricity. Solar tracking systems, which constantly adjust the orientation of the collectors towards the sun, play an important role in increasing energy production. There are two main types of solar trackers: single-axis trackers and dual-axis trackers. In addition, the workshop compares the cost aspects of solar PV panels and concentrated solar power (CSP) systems. Photovoltaic solar panels are known for their modular design and versatility, while concentrated solar power systems offer higher efficiency and potential for large-scale power generation. Considering costs, maintenance and geographic suitability is essential when choosing between these two technologies. By understanding solar tracking systems and the diverse applications of solar collectors, we can optimize the use of solar energy and contribute to a sustainable future.

The College of Engineering visits the Abu Al-Zahraa Charitable Foundation for Orphans As part of a series of activities carried out by the College of Engineering at the University of Kufa and in all scientific, service and humanitarian aspects, in the days of sadness that we are experiencing on the anniversary of the martyrdom of the Commander of the Faithful, Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him), the father of orphans, and in the holy month and blessed days, a delegation from the College of Engineering made an inspection visit. To the Abu Al-Zahra Charitable Foundation for Orphans in Najaf Al-Ashraf As a community activity, the professors of the Chemical Engineering Department and a group of first-year students took the initiative to visit the orphanage affiliated with the Abu Al-Zahra Charitable Foundation for Orphans on Monday, April 10, 2023. They were informed of the reality of the non-governmental institution and the nature of Its work and the services it provides to orphans and the great role placed on them to support a number of families. The visit culminated in the distribution of gifts to the children of those families. The Foundation expressed its joy in that visit because of its great role and joy in the eyes of orphaned children. We ask God Almighty to bless those in charge of this initiative and to Be in the balance of their good deeds. The delegation was also headed by Assistant Professor Dr. Ghazwan Jarrio, Head of the Department of Chemical Engineering, and each of the teaching staff (Prof. Dr. Ali Amer Abdel Hadi, Prof. Sawsan Ahmed Diaa, Prof. Asmaa Hassan Diaa, Prof. M. Ali Abbas Kazem, Lecturer Adnan Abdul-Jabbar Hussein, Lecturer Karar Jassim Ramadan, Lecturer Sahar Mahdi Jabbar, Lecturer Rahim Saadoun Jameel, Lecturer Zainab Talib Abd.

The College of Engineering - University of Kufa organized for its students (Department of Chemical Engineering and all its stages) a scientific visit to the Kufa Cement Plant affiliated with (the Ministry of Industry and Minerals) on Monday, 3/20/2023, under the supervision of the professors (Professor Asmaa Hassan Zia, Prof. Eng. Sawsan Ahmed Diaa, Eng. Zainab Shaker Radeef, Eng. Haider Abbas Ali, Lect. Fouad Kazem Mahdi, Lecturer Adnan Abdul Jabbar, Lecturer Karar Jassim Ramadan, Lecturer Sahar Mahdi Jabbar. For the purpose of intertwining theoretical material with scientific application, the masters (training officer, maintenance officer, quality officer in the factory) gave, through the field tour, a comprehensive explanation of the stages of cement production by the wet process, and were briefed on the various production units and explained The most important chemical and physical specifications for the cement produced and for the output coming out of the kilns (clinker), in which modern technology uses burning with gas through the pipe connecting from the Najaf gas power station instead of black oil and dispensing with it. In order to continue the factory’s productivity, there is periodic maintenance and maintenance for all production departments, including material mill units. Primary and cement mills, kilns, dust settlers, mixing vehicles for raw materials, and the Kufa Cement Factory currently operates within the requirements and specifications of international quality (ISO) 9001 for the year 2015 issued by the French company Peruvitas and the Central Organization for Standardization and Quality Control, which qualifies it as a factory (the best and finest production). quality at the local and regional levels)

The lecturer was selected from the Department of Chemical Engineering at the College of Engineering, University of Kufa (M.M. Karar Jassim Ramadan) presenting a research paper at the Fourth International Scientific Conference of Al-Kafeel University. Research Title : Design of a PID controller for liquid level in tanks using Tia Portal Al-Kafeel University also appreciated the teaching efforts in evaluating research by issuing a certificate of appreciation.

The lecturer was selected from the Department of Chemical Engineering at the College of Engineering, University of Kufa (M.M. Karar Jassim Ramadan) scientific evaluator of three research papers for the Fourth International Scientific Conference of Al-Kafeel University. Research titles: 1. Design and manufacture of a prosthetic lower limb for a child suffering from a thigh amputation. 2. CFD evaluation of the flow field in a three-dimensional rectangular bubble column. 3. Numerical and experimental investigation of a solar air collector with column obstructions. Al-Kafeel University also appreciated the teaching efforts in evaluating research by issuing a certificate of appreciation.