اسراء علي عبد الحسين العبدلي

Language is a tool of communication and it is basically a means of expressing human's feelings and needs. Generally, the form of language use can be divided into formal and informal settings depending on the context. Besides, these expressions are considered as being nonsensical words. However, the informal use of language has not received an adequate attention. Hence, slang is an informal way of communication which is described as vulgar or colloquial. Slang is an innovation of language change formed by particular group of people to reflect their social and cultural identity. Studies on the sociolinguistic study of slang in Baghdad's community have not received the attention of researchers. Therefore, the present study attempts to answer the following questions: what are the most commonly slang words used among Baghdadi teenagers? What are the social and pragmatic functions of using slang expressions among teenagers in the city of Baghdad? To what extent the usage of slang expressions is influenced by the context? The aim of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of slang as a manifestation of a person's cultural and social identity of Baghdadi community. That is, to investigate the relationship between the slang expressions and social identity. It also aims to find out which are the commonly slang expressions used among Baghdadi community and what are their social and pragmatic functions. It also sheds light on examining the various motivations behind using these slang expressions since there is no relationship between these linguistic expressions and standard language. The study followed a mixture of qualitative and quantitative research method, including questionnaires. More specifically, the data collected for this study is a survey that systematized as a questionnaire in which these expressions are classified into different types according to their functions, taking into consideration the importance of context in interpreting their pragmatic meaning. As a result, the present study found that Baghdadi community has uniqueness since they utilized different slang expressions in their interaction. The most commonly slang expressions used are to show intimacy. The findings of the study showed that the context has an important role in providing a full understanding of the intended meaning of slang words. Ultimately, this paper revealed how the choice of these expressions is utilized differently depending on certain social and pragmatic functions. Key Words: Sociolinguistic variation, Dialect, Slang, Social identity and Pragmatic meaning.

Applicative constructions refer to one of the language mechanisms in which the oblique object (usually constructed with preposition) is coded as a direct core argument. Arabic is among the languages that shows interesting patterns of applicative constructions ranging from direct- indirect, primary object and locative alternation. Applicative constructions received an important attention in the literature, especially form the generative perspective. However, it has not been sufficiently studied from a structural-functional perspective such as RRG. The problem is, therefore, twofold. Firstly, applicatives in Arabic have not received an adequate analysis from a functional perspective. Secondly, applicatives include an increase number of direct core arguments in which it is not clear which one is selected as the subject of passive construction. This paper assumes that RRG can provide a unified account of applicative constructions in Arabic including: case assignment, patterns of applicatives and object passivization selection.The present study aims at describing applicatives in Arabic within the RRG theoretical framework. Besides, it attempts to investigate patterns of applicatives in Arabic. Finally, it sheds lights on the criteria of undergoer selection. The study shows that Arabic exhibits two main types of alternations: the first type includes; dative shift, transfer alternation and locative alternation. The second one is marked undergoer construction which occurs when the recipient undergoer is not part of the logical structure. It also shows that Arabic is primary object language while secondary object pattern represents special constructions.Key words: Arabic, applicative constructions, role and reference grammar. Keywords Arabic, applicative constructions, role and reference grammar

Honorific expressions are mostly common used in literature, specifically in novels. They have occupied an important role within the domain of socio-pragmatic studies of language. They refer to one form of speech that signal social deference, through conventionalized understandings of some aspects of the form-meaning relationship. Honorific expressions have not been studied sufficiently from a socio-pragmatic perspective, particularly in literature. The problem is, therefore, honorifics have not received an adequate analysis and significant attention from a socio-pragmatic perspective, specifically in literary text. Hence, this study attempts to answer the following questions: what is the relationship between honorification and politeness? That is, are honorifics necessarily utilized to indicate politeness or not"? Is there a relationship between the honorific expressions and the sociolinguistic variables like, age, social distance, educational degree and social status in the movie ''Pride and Prejudice''? This paper aims at identifying these honorific forms that are manifested socially and pragmatically with reference to theory of intimacy/status and the theory of politeness. Besides, it attempts to investigate the relationship between the positive and negative politeness strategies and the functions of different categories of honorifics that are used by some public characters in movie 'Pride and Prejudice'. It also sheds light on the effect of different sociolinguistic variables in interpreting and identifying the honorific expressions. The finding of this study reveals that context and other sociolinguistic factors are an effective factors and have an important role in providing a full understanding of the intended meaning of honorific forms. Substantially, this paper shows that how the choice of honorific expressions is utilized differently depending on particular socio-pragmatic aspects. Key Words: Socio-pragmatics, Sociolinguistic factors, Honorifics, politeness and literary text.

Symbolism is a broad topic that has been studied and tackled from literary perspectives. Syntactic symbolism is widely recognized in literary texts particularly in novels. As such, this study fulfills a stylistic study of syntactic symbolism in E. Bronte's Wuthering Heights. Generally, this study aims to find how syntactic symbolism is represented in Bronte's novel ''Wuthering Heights''. Syntactically, symbolism is achieved through certain syntactic or rhetorical stylistic devices. As such, the present study attempts at identifying the major syntactic-stylistic devices in analyzing syntactic symbolism. Moreover, the hypothesis proposed to achieve the aims of the study is that syntactic symbolism adopts a special feature to the style of the writers which distinguishes the literary text from others. Furthermore, this study presents a brief theoretical background about stylistics and symbolism. The adopted model for this analysis is made up of Tufte (2006) syntactic symbolism. To develop an analytical model for the data, a number of relevant syntactic or rhetorical devices are reviewed and made use of in this regard. The data of this study are represented by symbolism related situations in ''Wuthering Heights''. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the present study lead to the following conclusions that syntactic stylistic symbolism is widely used in Bronte's Wuthering Heights and it is well identified through certain syntactic stylistic or rhetorical devices like parallelism, repetition, rhetorical questions, ellipsis as well as enumeration. Thus, syntactic symbolism is a prominent feature of distinguishing the style of literary text from others. Keywords: Stylistics; symbolism; Wuthering Heights; syntactic stylistic devices

Stylistics is a branch of linguistics which plays a major role in understanding and interpreting literature. As such, this study sheds light on the stylistic study of symbolism specifically syntactic and pragmatic symbolism. Symbolism phenomenon is widely used in literary texts particularly novels. For that reason, the present study has set itself to tackle this issue in selected situations taken from Emily Bronte's novel Wuthering Heights. Substantially, this study aims to identify both types of symbolism (syntactic and pragmatic). It attempts to find out the most common type of symbolism. It also aims to determine the different syntactic devices and pragmatic strategies by adopting several stylistic tools.

ورشة إرشادية أقيمت لطلبة المرحلة الرابعة بخصوص أسباب ومشاكل وخطورة الهجرة غير الشرعية او غير القانونية

ورشة تعريفية وإلكترونية للشعب والوحدات الإدارية في كلية التربية للبنات

Guidelines for Writing an iInterdisciplinary Article to a Journal

ندوة علمية أقامتها جمعية المترجمين العراقيين

حلقة نقاشية أقيمت في كلية التربية المختلطة

مؤتمر علمي في كلية التربية المختلطة/ جامعة الكوفة