Enas Abd al-Raouf Ammar Semysim

Iron nanomaterials are widely present in the environment and their concentrations are increasing day by day. In many applications, iron nanomaterials are included, but the minimum and maximum concentrations that are not harmful to plants are not yet known. Effect of F3O4(NPs) on Peganum harmala plants for the purpose of showing anatomical responses as effective biomarkers for increasing the concentration of nanomaterials in the ecosystem. Electron microscopy to determine the effect of different doses of F3O4(NPs) ranging from (0-600 mg / L) were used. The cross-sections of leaves were compared in terms of epidermis, parenchyma cells, vascular cylinder, especially xylem and phloem vessels. Epidermal variations were studied stomata, guard cells and normal cells of the epidermis. The laboratories of the Department of Environmental Sciences and Pollution at the College of Science, University of Kufa for the year 2022 were used to conduct experiments. The anatomical results of the studied plants showed that the largest effect was on the epidermis of the plants, especially on the stomata system, where the stomata were closed and decreased in number, while the vascular system was less affected by the variation in the concentration of F3O4(NPs) compared to the rest anatomical indicators. The severity effect was proportional to the increase in concentration. The results indicate that an insufficient supply of F3O4(NPs) (150 mg / L) can be a plant growth stimulator and the results can be used in practical applications to increase production and improve crops as a fertilizer. Whereas, treatments with high concentrations inhibit antioxidants, causing a deficiency of growth activity in plants.

Curcuma longa L. rhizome extracts have polyphenolic secondary metabolites called curcuminoid and various volatile oils. These compounds exhibit wide spectrum of antibacterial activity. Ethanol and petroleum ether C. longa rhizome extracts were studied for their antibacterial action against two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This activity had evaluated by employing Agar Well Diffusion method. Curcuminoid was interpreted by pattern of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The ethanol extract exhibited inhibitory effects against E. coli and S. aureus at concentration 150 mg/ml with diameter of inhibition zone (23.000 ± 0.57735 and 27.000 ± 0.57735mm) respectively. On the contrary, petroleum ether extract had inhibitory effects for E. coli and S. aureus at concentration 150 mg/ml in diameter of inhibition zone (39.000 ± 0.57735 and 41.000 ± 0.57735mm) respectively. Quantitative analysis for the curcuminoid compounds from C. longa rhizome extracts revealed highest curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin (9.12, 5.93 and 23.96 µg /ml) respectively in the extract of petroleum ether. We concluded that the C. longa extracts exhibited inhibitory effects against pathological bacterial growth. The essential oils obtained by petroleum ether extract of C. longa rhizome was more influential inhibition than ethanol extract against E. coli and S. aureus.

Abstract: In this study ,the biological activity of seeds extraction of Anethum graveolens L. and Vitis vinifera L. including methanol extracts for three concentration (25,50,75 mg/ml) against bacteria isolated from patients infected with urinary tract infection Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumanni, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by using well diffusion method . The results of photochemical screening of the methanol extract for the A. graveolens L. and V. vinifera L. showed that present of flavonoids, tannins alkaloids and carbohydrate. The results showed that seeds extract for Anethum graveolens L. and Vitis vinifera L. exhibited antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The higher diameter inhibition in methanol extract for A. graveolens L. in the concentration 25 mg /ml , while the higher diameter inhibition in methanol extract for V. vinifera L.in the concentration 75 mg/ml .

this study was designed to investigate the ability of methanol and n-hexane extracts of fruit casings of Quercus rubra against pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with burn infection

The essential oils of Eucalyptus globulus and Eugnia caryophyllata analyzed by thin layer chromatography TLC

the present study was caied out to effect of some plant extract against virulence factors of candida albicans