حسين عبد المطلب حموّد علي خان المدني

Water Quality Index (WQI) plays an important role and a powerful tool for analyzing the overall characteristics of water quality. It is considered a common method to replace the data on water quality trends to the general public and policymakers. In the study area, five wells are used at Jazeerat Al Najaf. As stated by the WHO drinking water quality standard, nine physiochemical parameters have been chosen for water quality index determination. The water quality index is used depending on the parameters and calculated utilizing the weighted arithmetic method for assessing the groundwater quality. WQI for pH comes under the excellent category, for electrical conductivity based on water quality classification in the study area is noted under unsuitable for the drinking purpose category. As well, WQI for sulfate and total dissolved solids found under very poor category. Whilst WQI for the calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chloride came under poor classifications based on the same water quality categorization. Moreover, the overall average result of the WQI classified under poor category (100.206) that influences the socio-economic and health conditions of human beings.

The management of Water quality means identifying the quantity and quality of pollutants for certain water resources, this study was conducted on the Euphrates river, especially at Shatt Al Kufa. Past observations of raw water at Kufa river station were gathered and analyzed for thirty months period, starting from January 2010 to June 2012, (temperature, total dissolved solids, turbidity, total hardness, electrical conductivity, magnesium, sulphate, hydrogen ion concentration, calcium and chloride) and verified with sample analysis from the year 2015 to 2017 in same months. The aim of this study reveals the quality of water samples collected. The relations among various parameters with regression analysis were investigated by using statistical analysis via software program "Data Fit" version 9.0. The present study showed Illegal industrial wastewater and domestic sewage discharged from adjacent areas to the river affecting contaminants cumulative. Temperature showed a strong positive correlation with turbidity while it's showed a strong negative correlation with pH and chloride. The measured values of turbidity fluctuated between 1.58 and 56 NTU, mean value was 10.74, so, this value is greater than recommended WHO limit 5NTU pH, mean value of electrical conductivity, all measured values of calcium, mean value of chloride were within the permissible limit of Iraqi and WHO. All values measured of sulfates higher than the allowable limit of Iraqi and WHO standards.Peak value and arithmetic mean value of measured TDS were less than acceptable limit of Iraqi standards (1500 mg/l), while the high value 1212 is higher than WHO limits. Strong positive correlations with many parameters EC, TH, Mg and Cl, and moderate positive correlation value with Ca and So4 were noted.