هبه عمار حاتم مال الله

Abstract: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) affects approximately 1-5% of pregnancies, about third of cases were unknown cause. The production of cytokines can be influenced by genetic polymorphisms and lead to high or low levels of cytokines that subsequently play an important role in establishing a successful pregnancy. So, the present study aimed to determine whether polymorphism in IL-10-1082A/G is associated with the incidence of abortion in AL-Najaf city. Case-control study was performed to 80 patients and 40 healthy individual as control, 30 patients infected with Cytomegalovirus. Blood samples were collected from all participant. Blood used in detection IL-10-1082A\G polymorphism by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS-PCR) Technique. IL-10 serum level were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test(ELISA). The result explain that the age group (20-29) and at three time of recurrent abortion was more infected with CMV.SNP in IL-10-1082A/G were AA (60%), AG (27.5%)) and GG (12.5%) in patients as compared to control (15%), (30%) and (55%) respectively. AA genotype associated with low serum level of IL10 (2.5 pg/ml) while GA and GG genotype associated with high serum level (5pg/ml and 12. 3 pg/ml) respectively. This result shown that IL-10 level is significantly decrease in aborted patients than control, and AA genotype is risk factor for abortion. Conclusion: The polymorphism in IL-10 at position (1082A\G) has association with abortion at AA genotype, GG consider as protective factor. decrease IL-10 levels in aborted women if CMV infected or non -infected.

Background: Hemoglobin can develop abnormally as a result of hereditary blood illnesses called ‎thalassemia that are inherited from a person's parents. Objective: The goal of this study was to identify the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) A/G polymorphism and correlate ‎TNF-α serum levels with illness progression. Patients and methods: ‎Eighty cases with beta-thalassemia who had been diagnosed at the thalassemia center at ‎Al-Zahra Hospital in Al-Najaf province‎, Iraq participated in a case-control study with 40 ‎healthy individuals serving as the control group. The 80 individuals were divided based on HCV status. From 50 seropositive hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients, 19 had IgG positivity, 15 had ‎IgM positivity, and 16 had both IgG and IgM positivity. All patients and the control group had blood samples taken. DNA from blood was taken ‎to be utilized in PCR to find the TNF-α A/G polymorphism. TNF-α levels were assessed using an ELISA test. Results: The findings explained why HCV-infected individuals had high significant rates of thalassemia ‎than non-infected ones. The findings showed that in thalassemia patients, AA genotype ‎and A allele are risk factors for severity, whereas GG genotype and G allele are ‎protective factors for severity

In the current study, nontoxic selenium nanoparticles were produced extracellularly utilizing probiotic Bacillus clausii bacteria, and their antibacterial efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria was evaluated. Initially, the biosynthesis of SeNPs was indicated by the transformation of the reaction mixture from yellow to dark red. UV-Visible spectrophotometry was used to characterize biosynthetic nanoparticles, and the greatest absorbance peak of nanoparticles was recorded at wave lengths of (270nm). Nanoparticle size, shape, and distribution were all detected using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The nanoparticles had a spherical, homogeneous shape, and their sizes ranged from (40-150nm). Energy Dispersive-x-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) investigation of the presence of elemental selenium.. Biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited antibacterial activity against the majority of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR), such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Shigella sonii, when compared to the results of an antibiotic disc of Ceftriaxone, Azithromycin, Cefepime, Amikacin, Meropenem, Oxacillin, Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin against such clinical bacteria. According to the findings, probiotics and SeNPs will be used to enhance or replacement of antibiotic

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic condition characterised by immune system involvement and is the primary contributor to disability in the young adult population. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is largely dependent on microRNAs (miRNAs). In the context of multiple sclerosis, miR-155 is one of these variables that plays a critical role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and the modulation of the autoimmune response. In inflammatory conditions, MiR-155 plays a role in the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by down-regulating key junctional proteins. Demyelination is facilitated by a number of processes, including the activation of microglia, the polarization of astrocytes, the down-regulation of CD47 protein, and the manipulation of key transcription factors. Since miR-155 indirectly affects the development of regulatory T (Treg) cells, which are essential in reducing pain hypersensitivity, it plays an important role in the etiology of neuropathic pain. In addition, this analysis looked at how MS-related symptoms develop in response to disease-related stresses, brain atrophy, and pro-inflammatory factors. Recent studies have shed light on miR-155's role in controlling stress, anxiety, hippocampal inflammation, and treatment-resistant depression. Reducing miR-155 expression has been shown to be an effective strategy for halting the pathophysiological processes that lead to multiple sclerosis (MS). The purpose of this review was to better understand the wide-ranging effects of miR-155 dysregulation on the pathophysiology of MS and to highlight possible future research avenues.