Hayder Qassim Lafta Almosawi

Prostatic median lobe invasion inside the urinary bladder of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients represent Intravesical prostatic protrusion(IPP) and is related to bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS).Sixty-three male patients with BPH and LUTS were assessed by symptoms,by urodynamic study(UDS) for bladder outlet obstruction index(BOOI) measurement,and by trans-abdominal ultrasound(TAUS) for measurement of prostatic volume(PV),IPP,and post-void residual volume(PVRV).Patients with PV more than 40mL and IPP more than 10mm were analyzed for presence of BOO.BOOI was observed to have higher correlation with IPP and PV compared to other variables, such as PVRV.IPP exhibited higher sensitivity (81.6%) than PV (55.28%). Both variables exhibited identical specificity 40%; however, PPV and NPV for IPP were 67.4% and 58.8%, respectively, while PV showed PPV and NPV of 58.33% and 37%, respectively.In male patients, BPH,LUTS, and BOO are associated with high PV and IPP. Assessment of IPP and PV during routine TAUS can predict BOO, which could help avoid invasive UDS.

abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the relationship between pericardial fat volume (PFV), aortic root calcification (ARC) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) among patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: This cross-sectional study took place between January and December 2014 at the Kufa University Teaching Hospital, Najaf, Iraq. A total of 130 consecutive patients with an intermediate pretest probability of ischaemic heart disease who underwent 64-slice multidetector computed tomography (CT) angiography during the study period were recruited. Of these, 111 were included in the study and divided into groups according to BMI. Imaging markers were measured on CT angiography. Results: A total of 28 patients were obese, while 42 and 41 were overweight and normal weight, respectively. The median PFV, CAC and ARC was 109 cm3 (interquartile range [IQR]: 52–176 cm3), 0 Agatston score (IQR: 0–52 Agatston score) and 0 Agatston score (IQR: 0–15 Agatston score), respectively, in the normal weight group in comparison to 79 cm3 (IQR: 43–138 cm3), 0 Agatston score (IQR: 0–54 Agatston score) and 0 Agatston score (IQR: 0–0 Agatston score), respectively, in the obese group. Significant correlations were observed between PFV and CAC (r2 = 0.22; P = 0.002) and ARC and CAC (r2 = 0.37; P <0.001) in the normal weight group. However, no significant correlations were observed for obese and overweight patients. Conclusion: These findings indicate that BMI may not be an accurate tool for measuring adiposity or assessing subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in pa