The concept of the federal system and similar systems
In terms of constitutional form, states are divided into simple states in which power is concentrated in the hands of the federal government, with specific competencies of an administrative nature to the constituent units of the federal state, as well as the presence of central control by the federal government in the capital, and the second form of states are states The vehicle consisting of the union of a group of countries, these countries united to achieve common goals, and the distribution of powers in them is according to the nature and type of the union linking these countries. The complex states are divided into the real personal and federal union, the confederation, and the federation, which is considered one of the best types of unions because the political system in this union is one and one flag of the state, and the competencies in it are distributed between the federal government and the constituent units of the federal union, whether they are (states, regions), and countries usually resort to union due to a danger that threatens their survival if they remain alone, or there are common elements between the citizens of these countries, which generates a motive for them to merge into one state, so the best solution for countries that suffer from linguistic and ethnic diversity is the union Federal, as this system will achieve great progress for the countries entering the union, which they will not be able to achieve if they remain alone