Ghasan Ali Hussain Al-Abaichy

In general, a concatenated RS/BCH code consists of an outer RS code and an inner BCH code with separation by an interleaver. We create a novel BCS code using a new methodology by combining an outer BCH code with an inner RS code appended by an interleaver to randomize burst errors and help the RS code in correcting the errors. Generally, BCH codes handle binary data, whereas RS codes handle non-binary data. Hence, RS (7, 1) inner code is proposed to achieve compatibility with BCH (15, 5) outer codes and ultimately create a novel BCS code to handle binary data. The proposed BCS code is compared with familiar concatenated RS/BCH codes and single codes (RS and BCH) for BPSK and QPSK modulation schemes. Results show the downlink LTE system performance using the proposed BCS code is significantly better than the uncoded LTE system and single codes (RS and BCH). Moreover, the proposed BCS code also outperforms familiar concatenated RS/BCH codes for both schemes. In contrast, the system performance is improved further when the number of antennas in the MIMO channel is increased from 2×2 to 4×4. Therefore, the proposed BCS code can be considered a stronger code with high reliability in wireless communication systems.

This work has explained the S.I. test, which is one of the important and repeated tests for maintenance and contingency purposes. The results that have been gained with Matlab/Simulink, show that when the S.I. test is executed without disconnecting the CT secondary from test loop as shown in Figure (5), the accuracy of the test is not affected. As a final conclusion, the S.I. test can be performed without disconnecting the relay form the secondary circuit of the CT, which leads to:  Reducing the test processes.  More saving in time.  Preventing the mistakes that may happen due to disconnection and re connection of the CT (i.e. CT open circuit).

high-speed data transmission. This technology is essential for accommodating the rising utilization of data and voice service. Nonetheless, the main problem is the deteriorated performance of wireless communication systems following the elevation in bit error rate (BER) owing to multipath fading environments. Therefore, using channel coding is essential to reduce BER, which leads to enhancement of system performance of digital communication systems. Previous studies have reported utilization of channel codes including turbo and convolutional codes in LTE systems for attaining error control system. As such, the key challenge of selecting category of coding method is the trade-off between elevating decoding complexity and enhancing system performance. Hence, the study herein proposed Bose and Chaudhuri (BCH) codes as channel coding for downlink LTE system over MIMO channel. This is aimed to attain an adaptive error control with low complexity compared to turbo and convolutional codes. The findings indicated that BCH codes had reduced BER compared to turbo and convolutional codes in both quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation schemes and binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) with regard to the downlink LTE system performance. The suggested method had approximately 4dB coding gain at 1X10-1 against both of convolutional and turbo codes in BPSK. While, for QPSK, the proposed method had approximately 5dB and 6dB compared to turbo and convolutional codes, respectively. Nonetheless, enhanced performance of the suggested system was observed through reducing BER of the received data by adding the number of antennas in MIMO channel.

Nowdays, different applications require a modern generation of mobile communication systems; long term evolution (LTE) is a candidate to achieve this purpose. One important challenge in wireless communications, including LTE systems, is the suitable techniques of controlling errors that degrade system performance in transmission systems over multipath fading channels. Different forward Error correction (FEC) techniqes are required to improve the robustness of transmission channels. In this paper, Reed-Solomon (RS) codes were used with a downlink LTE system over a LTE-MIMO channel. This research contributes by combining RS codes that have low decoding complexity (by using hard decision decoding) with a LTE-MIMO channel to improve downlink LTE system performance. The results show that using RS codes clearly improves LTE system performance and thus decreases Bit Error Rates (BER) more than convolutional and turbo codes which have high decoding complexity. Lastly, the results show also extra improvements of downlink LTE system performance by increasing the number of antennas of the LTE-MIMO channel.

A liver segmentation approach is suggested in this paper. This method is designed to minimize the chances for segmenting non-liver tissues as liver tissues. The proposed method is depending on including the Gray level information, Gaussian gradients transformation, area growing algorithm, distance transformation, anatomic information to complete the task and canny edge detector of segmenting the whole liver using non-contrast enhanced NCT data. Due to the lack of a golden standard manually liver segmented data, the method has been evaluated subjectively. The subjective results show a great capability to separate attached organs from the liver. The capability of the method to segment the liver tissues did not reach to a great level as well as the method capability to separate attached organs. However, these results can be considered as satisfactory results according to the main purpose of the study.

Filters occupy important acts in several Radio Frequency microwave applications. Several applications such as wireless communications still challenge RF/microwave filters with strict requirements such as smaller size, higher performance, lighter weight, and lower cost. Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications offers a unique and comprehensive treatment of RF/microwave filters based on the microstrip structure. One of the most common methods in designing microwave filters is using of parallel-coupled microstrip. In this paper simulate and fabricate by using Ansoft Designer a two resonator microstrip band-pass filter suitable for Wi-Fi applications. The results of simulation were quite good.

Abstract: Generally, Digital microwave radio (DMR) offers solving for connecting, it provides enable and grow communication networks for public and private networks to a wide range of applications and for environments. The principle of DMR system and design parameters, influencing factors for its performance have been presented. The performance calculations of the system are developed, and the design steps to satisfy quality and reliability objectives have been given. Typically, to design any DMR Link needs to committee of engineers and technicians to scan the earth between two sites that will establish this system, then study of geometry properties of this region and the height of obstacles if exist to design the height towers, power and another parameters, that may happen mistakes which need to solve it after finishing of establishment system and it needs to a big time and hard work. Developing a computer program using MTLAB has been suggested to obtain tower heights at different sites of the link in the first, then getting performance calculation, system configuration that satisfies the reliability and quality objectives specified by ITU. The results proves that the lowest time and easy way have been achieved by using the Matlab software program. Comparison between of the developed software with other sources (such as Alcatel Company which established a system of DMR between Libya and Algeria countries) has been discussed. The results confirms capability of using software program to design and test any DMR system.

ABSTRACT: Foreign Object Damage is defined as a damage or debris which has occurred to aircraft, vehicle, or persons, that may be attributed to an alien substance or article foreign object which has entered any component of, on, or in the airplane. FOD is a term that described any tiny particle, debris or parts which are not belong on the airport pavement surface, so it may cause any damage or harm to the airplane which passes by. This paper explain using radar system in FOD detection. The comparison among several methods that used in detection FOD are also discussed in this paper. This paper shows the huge significant of using radar in FOD detection by compared with other techniques. The comparison show also that the BiSAR system is considered an appropriate approach of using as FOD detection systems. It confirm the ability of detection and localizing upon the ground parts that have a tiny a dimension such as two centimeter height with two centimeter diameter located several meters away.

Medical imaging is a process and technique used to create images to the human body or parts and function thereof for clinical purposes, to medical procedures seeking to reveal, diagnose or examine disease or medical science. In this paper we will explain three types of medical imaging techniques; Magnetic resonant Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Ultrasound (US) that are used in the breast cancer detection, then we will compare among them to know which one of this techniques are better to use in the detection of breast cancer by taking in the account all of the sensitivity, resolution, cost and side effect. The results show that superior of MRI against the both of PET and Ultrasound in the sensitivity and resolution, while the disadvantages of MRI techniques was the high cost and time required to get imaging.

Abstract: In this study, the performance of multi input multi output of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system will be investigate by using channel coding of concatenated Reed-Solomon with convolutional codes. The system has been tested over additive white Gaussian noise with both of Rayleigh and Rician fading channels. The aim of proposing the concatenated Reed Solomon/convolutional codes is to improve the signal to noise ratio of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system. The simulation results shown a significant improvement achieved to the multiple input multiple output of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system by using concatenated technique against other techniques. The coding gain achieved in the proposed technique was 10 dB at the BER of 10-2 compared to the uncoded system over Rayleigh fading with additive white Gaussian noise while it was almost 7 dB at 10-2 over Rician fading channel with additive white Gaussian noise. The results showed that, the degradation in the performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system due to Rayleigh fading channel was more than the Rician fading channel. Lastly, the simulation results proved that by using concatenated Reed Solomon/convolutional codes with multiple input multiple output system will achieve more improvement than by using only concatenated Reed Solomon/Convolutional codes with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system.

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I have been published my paper ((Foreign Object Damage (FOD) detection by using Radar)) at International Refereed Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering

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