غيث صباح طعيمه العابدي

Abstract The aim of the present study was histopathology examination and the distribution of Newcastle disease virus(NDV) in internal organs of broiler chickens from field case using immunohistochemistry staining. thirty female and male broiler chicken were collected from different poultry fields in Al-Najaf province. Spleen, lung, intestine, liver, kidney were removed for general histopathological examination and ribonucleoprotein expression measured by immunohistochemistry technique. The present study investigated the gross lesions in euthanized and dead chickens have been mainly hyperemia, liver enlargement , spleen enlargement, lung congestion and kidney congestions. The histopathological results showed pathological changes in various organs and over ribonucleoprotein was observed. In conclusion, Newcastle disease causes various histopathological changes in all examined organs, Also over expression of ribonucleoproteinin in these organs. Keyword: Chicken, Newcastle disease, broiler, Ribonucleoprotein, IHC

Filgrastim is an anticancer drug used for the treatment of cancer patients suffering neutropenia. In the last years, studies proved that filgrastim has an adverse effect and wreaked lesions on different organs as testis attributed to the formation of reactive oxygen species. In general, previous studies suggested using natural substances besides the anticancer drug to decrease reactive oxygen species such as curcumins and lycopene. The Armoracia Rusticana is a folk medicinal herb used in different medical fields which has an antioxidant effect on the cells. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the possibility of using the Armoracia Rusticana as protection and ameliorative the effect against the adverse effect of Filgrastim on mature albino rats. Moreover, the present study evaluated the sperm parameters and serum reproductive hormones. Finally, the current investigation deduced that Armoracia Rusticana has ameliorative and protective against the advisers Filgrastim and can be used synergistically.

Since the creation of man on earth, herbal remedies have been used as an invaluable, safe, and available natural source of medicine for the treatment of several dysfunctions in living animals and human beings. The pharmacological properties of these herbs are commonly known to include analgesic, antidiabetic, antispasmodic, hepatoprotective, reproductive, and cardioprotective potentials. Various nutritional, environmental, and physiological factors can affect the male reproductive system. Several herbal remedies are reported to target the testis at the spermatogenesis and hormonal level. Most of the chemotherapy drugs used for treating cancers cause adverse effects on male reproductive functions. Filgrastim is used for the treatment of cancer in patients suffering from neutropenia. Ocimum tenuiflorum is one of the herbal remedies used as a natural antioxidant substance for protecting the body organs against the toxic effects of chemotherapy drugs. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the possible productive effects of the O. tenuiflorum against adverse effects of filgrastim on testicular tissues in male Wistar rats. In total, 40 adult male rats were selected and randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Group 1 was treated with intraperitoneal administration of filgrastim at a dose of 30.83 µg/kg/day for 1 week. Group 2 received O. tenuiflorum suspended in corn oil and administered by gavages at 20 mg/kg/day for 1 week. Group 3 was intraperitoneally injected with filgrastim at a dose of 30.83 µg/kg/day for 1 week and treated with O. tenuiflorum at similar manure to group 2. Finally, group 4 was treated with placebo (0.9% saline solution). The results showed that filgrastim administration leads to the degeneration of spermatozoa and germ cells in the testicles of rats. The results of the current study showed that O. tenuiflorum has some ameliorating effects on the testicles and fertility of the rats which were treated with filgrastim. Finally, the recorded data showed that O. tenuiflorum has protective effects on testis tissues and reproductive functions in male rats.

C. acnes causes acne vulgaris most commonly in 12-24 year olds. Five albino rabbits were immunized at day 1 and 14 with Cutibacterium acnes cell free antigen (CFAg) and then infected intradermally with 0.1 ml C. acnes suspension (2×108 cfu/ml) at day 30. Two groups of five infected rabbits were then treated at Day 30 with 0.5% levofloxacin or 0.2% cinnamon oil twice daily for 12 days. Five control rabbits were infected intradermally with 0.1 ml 2×108 cfu/ml Cutibacterium acnes n (2×108 cfu/ml). At day 42, skin test (mm), serum IgG and IFN-γ were determined. In vitro, we found C. acnes minimum inhibitory concentrations for cinnamon oil 2mg/ml and levofloxacin 1.5 µg/ml, but resistant to clindamycin, azithromycin, erythromycin and metronidazole. Compared with controls, immunized rabbits showed significant increases in skin thickness (P < 0.01), serum IgG (P < 0.05) and IFN-γ levels (P < 0.01) and less pathology. In rabbits treated with cinnamon oil or levoflaxin we observed least pathology compared with other treatments. Results suggest that immunization with C. acnes CFAgs enhanced immunity and reduced lesions, and levoflaxin and cinnamon oil, may control acne.