فارس عبد ياسين الكوفي

Abstract : In this work, Nano powder of (Al1-xZnxFe2O4) with (x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8), were synthesized using sol-gel auto- combustion at temperature of 150℃. The structural properties of the compounds were studies using X-ray (XRD) diffraction, energy dispersion radiation (EDX) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), show homogenies particle with size in the range of (30-32) nm by using the Debye–Scherrer formula. Dielectric properties in the frequency range (100Hz-5MHz) were evaluated with the measuring device (LCR) meter. Dielectric constant (εr'), loss factor (εr′′) were decreases with increasing frequency, while the Conductivity (sa.c) increased with increasing the frequency

In the present work, geometries, electronic structures, photovoltaic and optical properties have been carried out on a series of structures formation of phthalocyanine and Titanylphthalocyanine dyes, which are replaced by several subgroup. A density functional theory (DFT) approach together with hybrid function (B3LYP) at SDD basis set was used for the ground state properties in the gas phase. The time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT)/ B3LYP was used to investigate the excitation properties of new dyes and analyzed the trends in their optical and redox characteristics. Theoretical principles of HOMO and LUMO energy levels of dyes is requisite in analyzing organic solar cells, thus, HOMO, LUMO levels, open circuit voltage, energy gap, light harvestings efficiency, electron regeneration and electron injection have been calculated and discussed. The outcome of the efficiency, the considered dyes explain absorption energy and wavelength properties that correspond to the solar spectrum requirements. According to results, all the considered materials have a good property and possibility of electron injection procedure from the dyes to conduction band of TiO2, PC60BM or PC60BM. As a result, the molecular changes affect the electronic properties of dye molecules for solar cells. Also, a study of new dyes sensitizers showed that designed materials will be excellent sensitizers. Theoretical designing will prae a way for experimentalists to synthesize the efficient sensitizers for solar cells clearer.

Abstract: The B3PLYP functional and 6-31G (d, p) basis set calculations were used to investigate the sensitive properties of small toxic gas molecules (CO, CO2, NO, NO2) on an aluminum phosphorene monolayer. These gases, which play a significant role in environmental degradation. Adsorption energy, adsorption distance, and charge transfer parameters all supported us in determining the best adsorption point among three adsorption sites: Center, Al, and Bridge. We may infer from the adsorption energy and electron localization function results that these (CO, CO2, NO and NO2) gas molecules are chemically adsorbed on an aluminum phosphorene monolayer. Our findings also reveal that after adsorption, there is a significant amount of charge transfer between CO molecules and an aluminum phosphorene monolayer .This indicates that an aluminum phosphorene monolayer is more susceptible to CO, CO2, NO and NO2 adsorption than pristine and doped graphene. Furthermore, it is clear that small gas molecule adsorption will modulate the bandgap and work function of an aluminum phosphorene monolayer to varying degrees. Our research will provide theoretical direction for practical applications.

In the present work (Cd1-xZnxFe2O4) nanoparticles compositions with x= (0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7,1.0) were prepared of Cd2+ doped zinc ferrite nanoparticles by the sol-gel method. Sample analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) approved that ferrite has a single-phase structure in all samples. The average crystal size estimated from (41- 45)nm by using the Debye–Scherrer formula. Field Emission Scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) micrographs appearance that all the samples possess nano-crystalline attitude. FT-IR spectra confirmed that the presence of metal oxides absorption bands at lower and higher frequency regimes, due to tetrahedral, and octahedral sites. The prepared magnetic properties of nanoparticles were analyzed by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) which shows that saturation Cadmium changes by substitution of Zn2+ in Zinc ferrite. These changes are formed by cations distribution among tetrahedral and octahedral sites and superexchange interaction decrease.

Abstract- In this research, we will prepare spinel ferrite (Zinc ferrite) by (Sol-Gel) a method, then we will depose it with Trivalent elements Aluminum, with a ratio of (x = 0, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0) to be with following formulas Al1-xZnxFe2O4. After preparation of the samples we will study the structural properties of the compounds using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), as well as using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (F.T.I.R) to locate the atom in the crystal structure to find the type of ferrite. Then we will use Magnetic hysterics will be measured using A vibrating-sample magnetometer (V.S.M.) to estimate the hysterics loop of magnetism. XRD studies confirm that all the samples show a single-phase cubic spinel structure. The crystallite size of Al1-xZnxFe2O4 calculated using the Debye–Scherrer formula was found in the range of (32-38). The value of the lattice parameter ‘a’ is found to decrease with increasing Al3+ content. EDX patterns confirm the compositional formation of the synthesized samples. FE-SEM micrographs show that all the samples have nano-crystalline behaviour and particles show spherical shape. The shapes show the magnetic behaviour of the prepared compound and other magnetic factors.

Effective radium content and Uranium concentrations in some types of dry cleaning materials samples such as soap and detergent powder from different sources were collected from the Iraqi markets in this study. A sealed container technique was used depending on the LR-115 Type II SSNTDs. The results demonstrated that the effective radium content in the soap ranged from (3.82) Bq/Kg to (39.54) Bq/Kg with an average (13.22 ± 4.70) Bq/ kg, while the effective radium contend in detergent powder and ranged from (6.44) Bq/Kg to (22.92) Bq/Kg with an average of (15.10 ± 2.92) Bq/kg. The Uranium concentrations of the soap and powder detergents ranged from (0.21) ppm to (2.52) ppm with a mean (0.79 ± 0.30) ppm and from (0.32) ppm to (1.42) ppm with a mean (0.86 ± 0.19) ppm respectively. Furthermore, the current results demonstrated that there is a strong correlation (r=0.92) between effective radium content and uranium concentrations. The effective radium content and uranium concentrations in the studied samples were lower than the maximum values recommended by international bodies.