Ebtihal Chiad Abbass Albarqaawi

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways influenced by a complex network of cytokines and chemokines, among which CXC chemokine ligand 3 (CXCL3) plays an important role and has been linked to airway remodeling and disease severity. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, induces systemic immune dysregulation with elevated inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and D-dimer. The interaction between CXCL3-mediated airway inflammation and systemic inflammatory responses in asthmatic patients during COVID-19 infection remains insufficiently elucidated, with limited data clarifying its contribution to disease severity and outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the correlation of serum CXCL3 and classical inflammatory markers (CRP, ferritin, D-dimer) with asthma severity among patients with and without COVID-19 infection and to determine their relationship with lung function (FEV₁) and predictors of severe asthma. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 asthmatic patients, stratified according to COVID-19 infection status (76 positive, 124 negative). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters were analyzed. Serum levels of CXCL3 and inflammatory markers (CRP, ferritin, and D-dimer) were compared between groups and correlated with asthma severity and FEV₁. Results: COVID-19-positive asthmatics exhibited significantly higher levels of CXCL3 (241.5 ± 83.7 vs. 173.8 ± 76.4 ng/mL, p<0.001) and inflammatory markers, along with lower FEV₁ (54.3 ± 17.2 vs. 62.1 ± 18.9; p=0.003) compared to COVID-19-negative patients. CXCL3, CRP, and D-dimer levels increased progressively with asthma severity (p<0.001), furthermore, significant positive correlations were observed between CXCL3 and asthma severity (r = 0.62) as well as between CXCL3 and CRP (r = 0.41). Logistic regression revealed FEV₁ <60% as an independent predictor of severe asthma (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.78–5.47, p<0.001), whereas COVID-19 infection showed an inverse association with severe asthma (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.25–0.91, p=0.026). Conclusion: Serum CXCL3 and systemic inflammatory markers are significantly associated with asthma severity and lung function impairment, particularly in the presence of COVID-19 infection. CXCL3 may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing asthma severity and guiding clinical management in patients with concurrent COVID-19.

Aims Psoriasis is a long-lasting inflammatory skin disease associated with immune system dysregulation and systemic complications. Chemokines play a crucial role in monocyte recruitment and have been linked to the development of various autoimmune conditions. However, the relationship between chemokines and psoriasis severity, as well as their association with disease complications, remains unclear. This study aimed to propose that monitoring serum CCL20 levels in patients with psoriasis may provide valuable insights into disease severity and its associated complications. Instrument & Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on psoriasis patients. Serum CCL20 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index was used to assess disease severity, and information on comorbidities was collected. Statistical analyses were performed to determine associations between CCL20 levels, PASI scores, and complications. Findings The mean serum CCL20 levels in psoriasis patients were 112.14 ±8.72ng/L, with range values from 42.89 to 293.50. The mean CCL20 level was higher in mild disease (207.96±13.88) compared to 132.68±15.76 for the moderate group and 78.31±6.48 for the severe group (p=0.0001). The mean serum CCL20 levels were significantly higher in patients with metabolic syndrome (p=0.001), while the mean serum CCL20 levels were significantly lower in psoriatic patients with psoriatic arthritis compared to those without (57.63±8.05 versus 123.82±9.80, p=0.003). Conclusion There is an inverse relationship between serum CCL20 levels and the severity of psoriasis, and serum CCL20 levels are significantly associated with metabolic syndrome among psoriatic patients.

This study is concerned with chronic kidney disease and control group . The determine patients from (alseder hospital ) in Najaf city during the period between January 2019 to July 2019. The CKD patient and control group consisted of sixty with age mean of (80 ±20) years. The blood samples were drawn from all patients 6 hours before and after dialysis to measurement serotonin , blood Urea, Creatinine , uric acid and hemoglobin and control group. Also the patients classifed into two groups according to age . This variables measured by using assay (ELISA) technique and colorimetric methods. The higher mean value of serotonin was shown in CKD patients before dialysis ( 0.0257± 0.00224 ng /ml) compared with patients after dialysis ( 0.1894 ± 0.05189 ng/ml) compared with control group( 0.0059 ± 0.00139 ng/ml). Also the higher value of blood Urea and Creatinine reversibly in CKD patients before dialysis was (126.25± 4.869 mg/dL), (10.041± 0.3019 mg/dL) compared in blood Urea and Creatinine in CKD patients after dialysis was (48.183± 2.262 mg/dL), (3.28± 0.201 mg/dL) and control group was (28.105 ± 1.896 mg/dL), (1. 095 ± 0.0961 mg/dL). Also the higher value of uric acid and hemoglobin reversibly in CKD patients before dialysis was (8.0623± 0.1478 mg/dL), (13.800 ± 0.16519 g/dL) compared in uric acid and hemoglobin in CKD patients after dialysis was (5.5361± 0.16055 mg/dL), (12.383 ± 0.15872 g/dL) and control group was (2.6789 ± 0.2977 mg/ dL), (13.742 ± 0.18954 g/dL) , all above results there was a signifcant difference and correlation (p˂0.05). Aim of study: Study the effect of serotonin, blood Urea, Creatinine , uric acid and hemoglobin 6 hours before and after dialysis on CKD patients and compared with control group .Study the effect of variables on CKD patients with different age and study the relation between CKD patients after and before dialysis

This study is concerned with Type2 Diabetes mellitus patients and control group. Patients were determined from al sader hospital in the city of najaf during the period between July 2018 to dismember 2018. The T2DM patients and control group consisted of eighty with age mean of (75±10) years. The patients were further classified into three groups according to age. Patient's age less than 20 years (n=27), patients age between 20-40 years (n=29) and patients age more than 40 years (n=24).The measurement of the concentrations of Vaspin, Glutathione, Superoxide dismutases , Catalase, vitamin C and vitamin E. The concentrations of these variables in serum of patients and control are shown the higher mean value of Vaspin was shown in T2DM patients ( 452.1 ± 32.7 ng /ml) compared with control group ( 327.6 ± 54.8 ng/ml).The value of GSH in T2DM patients was (1.514± 0.017 µmol/l) lower than control group was (3.188 ± 0.0126 µmol/l ) . Regarding to SOD the mean value in serum of T2DM patients was recorded as higher value (1.327 ± 0. 027 U/ml) than control group was (1.023 ± 0. 030 U/ml). While the mean concentration of CAT in serum of T2DM patients was recorded as (1.62 ± 0 .882 U/l) lower than control group (2.11 ± 0.643 U/l). According to value of vitamin C in T2DM patients was (4.98± 0.321 µg/ml) lower than control group was (6.82 ± 0.420 µg/ml ). Also the value of vitamin E in T2DM patients was (8.93± 0.784 µg/ml) lower than control group was (19.67 ± 0.988 µg/ml ) . All above result there was a significant difference between the mean value in T2DM patients and control group (p?0.05). Also this results showed the correlation value between each variables .The result shown that Vaspin level was increased in the group more than 40 years with a mean value (562.2 ± 0.357 ng /ml ) than other age groups, also GSH level was increased in the group more than 40 years with a mean value (1.705 ± 0.884 µmol/l) than other age groups. While SOD and CAT showed the high mean value respectively (1.715 ± 0.003 U/ml) (1.731± 0.716 U/l) in the group less than 20 years. Also vitamin C and vitamin E showed the high mean value respectively (5. 07 ± 0.343 µg/ml) (9.098 ± 0.703 µg/ml) in the group less than 20 years. The all levels of these variables showed a significant difference in each age group (p ? 0.001). Aim of study Study the level of these variables (Vaspin, GSH, SOD, CAT, Vitamin C and Vitamin E) on T2DM patients and compared with control group. Study these above variables on T2DM patients with different age.

The aim of the present is to determine the immunohistochemical expression of EGFR, EMA and CD117 in case of urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma and their relation with staging of tumor and its impact on further prognosis. EGFR immunohistochemical study showing (61.5 %) positive in case of urinary bladder carcinoma with significant difference between staging of tumor (p value 0.019) with signification expression between low grade and high grade tumor with P value 0.002 (6.2%) positivity in high grade versus (15.4 %) positivity in low grade). EMA showing strong positivity in urothelial carcinoma 96.2% without significant difference between staging and grading of tumor with p valve of (0.57) and (0.227) respectively CD117 immunohistochemical study showing total positive cases of urinary bladder carcinoma of 69.2% with significant difference in comparison with staging and grading of tumor with (P-value=0.00) for each respectively.

Infectious hepatitis infection is the main cause of severe liver failure through the childhood period. People infected with Hepatitis A virus represents the primary source of this virus. After a person ingests a contaminated food or drink, the live virus invades the body, although it might/will take 2–6 weeks after exposure for symptoms to manifest. infectious hepatitis prompts an severe infection that consequences in the removal of the disease via the host, throughout the infection is the consequence of specific immune reactions under the control of cytokines. The humoral immune system reaction to infectious hepatitis is characterized by the specific production of IgM immunoglobulin against the VP1 viral protein and IgG immunoglobulin against the VP1 and VP3 viral proteins .In this study established the serum T-helper (Th)17- related cytokine during distinct hepatitis A virus (HAV)-induced clinical course in children .The clinical spectrum of disease is variable.