مواقع التدريسيينجامعة الكوفة
Dr. Hussien Abid Ali Bakir Mraity
Professor

Dr. Hussien Abid Ali Bakir Mraity

Science Physics
[email protected]
النسخة العربية
0Publications
0Lectures
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About

B.Sc. in Medical Technology/Radiology Technology, Department of Radiology technology (2001) from College of Health and Medical Technology/Baghdad, Middle Technical University. M.Sc. in Medical Physics from College of Medicine, Branch of Physiology and Medical Physics, University of Al Mustansiriya (2005). Ph.D. in Medical Physics as Applied to Medical Imaging from University of Salford (United Kingdom/Manchester), School of Health Sciences, Department of Medical imaging and Radiography (2015). Working as a lecturer in the University of Kufa, Faculty of Science, and Department of physics from 2005 to recent.

Research Interests:
1. Optimizing of radiation dose and image quality in diagnostic radiography/radiology using CR and DR.
2. Medical Image Quality assessment methods.
3. Quality Control/Assurance in diagnostic radiology.
4. Conducting theoretical and practical research in radiation protection fielded (health physics and diagnostic X-ray/Imaging).
5. Biological effects of radiation on human tissues/organs.
6. Developing and validating psychophysical systems to assess the image quality of diagnostic digital images.
Teaching Interests:
1. Medical Physics.
2. Radiological physics.
3. Radiation physics.
4. Nuclear medicine.
5. Radiation dosimetery.
6. Biophysics.

Awards:
1) Junior associate at the The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (2012).

Publications:
1. H. Mraity; A. England; I. Akhtar; A. Aslam; R. De Lange; H. Momoniat; S. Nicoulaz ; A. Ribeiro; S. Mazhir; P. Hogg, "Development and validation of a psychometric scale for assessing PA chest
image quality: A pilot study", Radiography, 20 (2014) 312-317
2. Hussien A A B Mraity; Andrew England; Simon Cassidy; Peter Eeachus; Alexander Dominguez and Peter Hogg, "Development and validation of a visual grading scale for assessing image quality of AP pelvis radiographic images", British Journal of Radiology, 2016; 89: 20150430.

3 . H. Mraity ; A. England; P. Hogg, "Developing and validating a psychometric scale for image
quality assessment", Radiography, 20 (2014) 306-311.
4. H. Mraity, A. England, P. Hogg. Gonad dose in AP pelvis radiography: impact of anode heel orientation. Accepted for publication in Radiography journal- Sciencedirect (2016).
5. Sana K, H. Mraity, A. England, P. Hogg. Lateral hip x-ray imaging – which technique produces lowest gonad dose combined with acceptable visual image quality?. Accepted for UKRC as poster last at July, 2013, Liverpool, UK.
6. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, "Estimation of surface dose (skin absorbed dose) for the patient
undergoing standards radiologic examinations", Journal of Kerbala University, 6 (2008) 260-259

7. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, "Calculation of skin absorbed dose for the staff and students from
external gamma ray source in nuclear physics lab. Journal of Al-Qadisiyah for Pure Science 13 (2008) 116-125.
8. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, "Study the effect of total filtration (filter thickness)of the x-ray tube on the surface dose for the patients undergoing standard radiologic procedures", Journal of Babylon
University, 15 (2008) 580-584.
9. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity; Raed Mohammedkadhim; Abrar Mohammed Khuder, "Mathematical
Calculation of Patient's Fluoroscopic Entrance Dose in Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy",
Journal of Kerbala University, 6 (2008) 117-127.

10. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, Raed Moahammedkadhim, "Estimation of entrance skin exposure for
patients undergoing fluoroscopic examination in extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy(ESWL)",
Journal of Kerbala University, 6 (2008) 173-176.

11. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, "Estimation of patients effective dose while they are exposed for long time fluoroscopic examination in extra corporal shockwave lithotripsy(ESWL", Journal of Babylon University, 17 (2009) 565-568.

12. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, Talib Abdularidha, Raed M, "Mathematical calculation of effective dose From gamma ray sources in nuclear physics lab.", Journal of AL-Qadisiya/Pure science University, 14 (2009) 126-132.

13.Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, Muthana Hassan Hady, Raad Jaleel Ahmed, "Estimation of entrance
skin exposure for pediatrics undergoing routine X-ray examination", Journal of Kerbala University, 7 (2009) 62-67.

14.Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, "Estimation of patients radiation dose undergoing conventional X-ray examination in Al-Hakeem general hospital(X-ray room(1))", Journal of Kufa -Physics- A special
issue for Kufas first conference for physics, - (2010) 335-440.

15.Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, "Mathematical assessment of entrance surface dose(ESD) for patients examined by long term X-ray examination (fluoroscopy).", Journal of Kufa -Physics, 2 (2010) 2077-5830.

16.Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, "Mathematical calculation of skin and soft- tissues radiation absorbed dose from Na22 ,Ba133 and Cd109 radiation source for persons working in nuclear research
room", Journal of Kerbala University, 8 (2010) 10-19.

17. Hussien Abid Ali Bakir, Raed Mohammed Kadhm, Calculation Of Pediatrics Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) Undergoing Fluoroscopic Examinations In Extracorporeal Shock wave Lithotripsy Unit. Journal of Babylon University.2010.

18. Ali Abid Abojassim, Suha H. Kadhim, Hussien Abid Ali Mraity and Rua R. Munim. Radon levels in different types of bottled drinking water and carbonated drinks in Iraqi markets, Water Science & Technology: Water Supply, 17.1(2017).

19. Ali Abid Abojassim, Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, Afnan Ali Husain, Mike Wood. Estimation of the excess lifetime cancer risk from radon exposure in some buildings of kufa technical institute, iraq, nuclear physics and atomic energy,18(3),pp 276-285( 2017).

20. Using SSNTD Technique to Assess Radon Flux Density in Liquid Cleaning Materials Samples Available in Iraqi Pharmacies and Markets, Research J. Pharm. and Tech, 10(8),pp:1-5 (2017).

21. Hussien Abid Ali Bakir, Ibtisam Jafaar Abd Ali, "Calculation of beta radiation absorbed dose from three beta emitters in nuclear physics lab". Journal of Al-Qadisiyah for Pure Science 22 (2) (2017).
22. H. A. A. B. Mraity1, A. England2, P. Hogg2; 1Najaf/IQ, 2Manchester/ UK.AP pelvis radiography: The impact of tube filtration on radiation dose and image quality. European congress of radiology, 2018. Vienna, Austria.

23. Sadiq Kadhum Lafta Alzurfi, Ali Abid Abojassim* and Hussien Abid Ali Mraity. Monthly Monitoring of Physicochemical and Radiation Properties of Kufa River, Iraq. 2018 61A(1) 43-50.
24. Abid Ali Bakir H, Azeez Aj (2018). Assessment of patient’s dose during ap pelvis radiographic examination in selected hospitals of al najaf city, iraq. Isj theoretical & applied science, 09 (65): 45-52.
25. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, Ali Jaafar Azeez. (2018), Patients Entrance Surface Dose During Chest Radiographic Examination in AL- Najaf Al Ashraf Main Hospitals. Baghdad 2nd Physics Conference. College of science, Department of Physics.

26. H. A. A. B. Mraity1, P. Hogg2, A. England3; 16 AR, Manchester/UK, 2SALFORD/UK, 3Manchester/UK . C-0027 AP pelvis radiography: The impact of focal spot size on radiation dose and image quality. European congress of radiology, 2019. Vienna, Austria.

27. Adhraa Baqir Hassan, Ahmed Abdul Hadi Mohsen, Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, Ali Abid Abojassim. Determination of Alpha Particles Levels in Blood Samples of Cancer Patients at Karbala Governorate, Iraq. Vol(16) 1, January 2019, Page 41-47.

28. Molhalad AliZbalhr. Hussien Abid Ali Baki12, Ali Abid Abojassim, AdhraaBaqir hassan3 and AzherAbdullwahab . Monte Carlo Simulation to Estimate the male and female Effective Dose due to Radon exposure in Al-Najaf. Indian Journal of Public Hralth Resrarch & Developmrnt.It will be published in Vol (10), No (9), Sep (2019).

29. Najam, L., El-Taher, A., Abojassim, A., Mraity, H. Assessment of Annual effective Dose for Different Age Groups Due to Radon Concentrations in Groundwater Samples at Qassim, Saudi Arabia. Iranian Journal of Medical Physics, 2019; DOI: 10.22038/ijmp.2019.37379.1476.

30. Hussien Abid Ali Bakir, Talib Abdul Ridha; Aymen S. Amran; Aqeel H. Al Zurfi. Dteremination of radiation dose from routine X-ray examination at three selected hospitals in Al Najaf, Iraq. Iraqi journal of science; Vol(60): 10 (2019).
31. Talib A. Abdulwahid1, Imad K. Alsabari2, Ali Abid Abojassim1*, Hussien Abid Ali Mraity1and
Adhraa Baqir Hassan. Assessment of Concentrations of Alpha Emitters in Cancer Patients Blood Samples. [SYLWAN., 164(3)]. ISI Indexed,Mar 2020.

32. Mraity, Hussien AA, Harees HA (2020) Estimation of the Effective Dose for Patients Undergoing PA Chest X-Ray Examination in Selected Hospitals of Al Najaf Governorate-Iraq. Prensa Med Argent, Volume 106:4. 224.

33. Mraity HAAB et al., Can the anode heel effect be used to optimise radiation dose and image quality for AP pelvis radiography?, Radiography, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2019.11.094.

34. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity and Hayder Abbas Harees. Patients effective dose estimation during AP pelvis radiography in some hospitals of Al Najaf city, Iraq 2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 928. 072058.

35. Talib A. Abdulwahid1, Ali Abid Abojassim1, Hussien Abid Ali Bakir1; 2020. Estimation of Organs Doses for People (Male and Female) Exposed to Indoor Radon in Al-Najaf J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1660 012044.

36. Talib A. Abdulwahid , Hussien A. A. Bakir, Imad K. alsabari. Study the possibility of theoretically reducing the number of radiation sessions for patients with skin cancer using nanoparticles. AIP Conference Proceedings 2290, 050044 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0027548.

37. Raed Mohammed Kadhim M. Ali, Hussien Abid Ali Bakir Mraity, Ban Hassan Hadi, Sarah Hamed Dana, Estimation of Skin Radiation Dose from Common Radiographic Examinations: A Preliminary Study to Establish Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) , Medico Legal Update: Vol. 20 No. 4 (2020): Medico-Legal Update.
38. Hussien Abid Ali Mraity and Mustafa Kadhum Al Aseebee 2021 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1963 012035.

39. Ali, R.M.K.M., Mraity, H.A.A.B.(2021) Estimation of radiation dose from most common pediatrics radiographic examinations within main central hospitals in Najaf City, Iraq.
40. AL-Temimei, F.A., Mraity, H.A.A. DFT/TD-DFT investigation of novel D–π–A configuration dyes for improving solar cell efficiency. Struct Chem (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007 /s11224-022-01901-7.
41. Raed Mohammed Kadhim M. Ali, Hussien Abid Ali Bakir Mraity, and Ali Abid Abojassim, Radiation Risk From Chest Computed Tomography, 16th MAS intentional conference on mathematics, engineering, natural and medical sciences, February 22-23, 2022; Mardin, Turkey.

42. Azeez AJ, Marzaali AA, Abojassim AA, Mraity HAAB, Shareef MD, and ALSAFI H (2022). Determining the radium concentration in vegetables and fruits in Al-Najaf, Iraq. Online J. Anim. Feed Res., 12(4): 217-221. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51227/ojafr.2022.2.

43. Nayif, S.S., Mohammed, E.J., Hashim, A.K., Abojassim, A.A., Mraity, H.A.A.B.Determination of radiological hazards due to alpha emitters from ceramic used in Iraq. International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology, 2023, 16(2), pp. 97–107.
44. Abbas, H.H., Kadhim, S.A., Alhous, S.F.,AL-Temimei, F.A., Mraity, H.A.A. Radiation Risk Among Children due to Natural Radioactivity in Breakfast Cereals. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 2023, 22(1), pp. 527–533.

45. Marzaali, A.A., Kadhim, M.M., Hussein, T.A., .Abojassim, A.A., Mraity, H.A.A.B.Evaluation of Natural Radioactivity and Associated Hazards in Certain Ceramic Samples Commonly used in Iraq.Latin American Journal of Pharmacy, 2023, 42(Special Issue), pp. 391–396.
46. Samah O. Alrammahi1, Azhar S. Alaboodi2, S. S. Farhan3, Ali Abid Abojassim4*, Hussien Abid Ali Bakir Mraity. Radon. Radium, and Uranium Levels in Some Samples of women Hair Treatment Materials. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Science, (2024), 22(1): 1777-1786.
47. Arkan Hassan Sharad, Hussien Abbid Ali Bakir. Patients' dosimetry during lumbar radiographic examination (Lat) in certain hospitals at Dhi Qar governorate, Iraq, : Journal of Kufa-Physics , Vol. 16, No.1, 2024.
48. Ali Saeed Jassim1, Zahraa Saad Hamza2, Hussien Abid Ali Bakir Mraity1, Ali Abid Abojassim1*, and Rana Fadhil Mousa. Skin dose estimation in adults undergoing diagnostic chest X-ray examinations at Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital in Wasit Governorate, Iraq. BIO Web of Conferences 116, 06009 (2024, EBWFF 2024. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411606009.

49. Sharad, A.H., Mraity, H.A.A.B. S Evaluation of the Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) For Patients Undergoing Conventional Skull (AP/Lat) X-Ray Examinations in Selected Hospitals in Dhi Qar Governorate. Library Progress International, 2024, 44(2s), pp. 467–476.

50. Sharad, A.H., Mraity, H.A.A. Assessment of entrance surface dose during Antero-posterior pelvis radiography in certain Dhi Qar governorate hospitals, Iraq. Library Progress International, 2024, 44(2s), pp. 893–900.
51. Entesser F. Salman, Azhar S. Alaboodi, Ali A. Abojassim, Hussien A. A. B. Mraity. Indicators of Radioactive Contamination by Radionuclides for Samples of Plant Fertilizers and Pesticides. Jordan Journal of Physics Vol. 17 No. 3 (2024): Vol17 No3 2024.
52. 52. Talib A. Abdulwahid1, Ali Abid Abojassim1*, Abdulhussein A. Alkufi2, and Hussien Abid Ali Mraity. Uranium, Polonium-218, and Polonium-214 Concentrations in Serum Samples of Cancer Patients at Al-Najaf GovernorateProceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: A Pakistan Academy of Sciences Physical and Computational Sciences 61(4): 339-347 (2024).

Book Chapters
1. Observer studies in mammography; P Hogg, S Millington, D Manning, and H Mraity- Book chapter in ‘digital mammography : A holistic approach’; P Hogg, J Kelly, C Merver, (2015).

2. Visual image quality assessment methods; Hussien Abid Ali Mraity and Maily Alrowily- Book chapter in ‘Mult icultural team-based research in radiogra phy , a holistic educational approach.
Groningen, the Netherlands Edited by: Peter Hogg, Chr istine Blakeley and Car st Buissink (2016).

International workshop Participation:
1. College on Medical Physics - ICTP- 2010 Trieste-Italy
2. College on Medical Physics- ICTP- 2016 Trieset- Italy.
3.Joint ICTP-IAEA Workshop on Establishment and Utilization of Diagnostic Reference Levels in
Medical Imaging -2019.

Research Interests

2
Medical Physics- Diagnostic radiologyRadiation protection

Publications

7
2020

Patients effective dose estimation during AP pelvis radiography in some hospitals of Al Najaf city, Iraq

AuthorsHussien Abid Ali Mraity, Harees, H.A.
JournalIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Abstract

Background: Monitoring patients radiation dose during anterior-posterior (AP) pelvis radiography is of paramount importance. This is due to the existence of the gonads within the pelvic region. Objective: The purpose of this work is to estimate effective dose (ED) for adult patients who examined for AP pelvis radiography in the governmental hospitals of Al Najaf city-Iraq. Materials and methods: The ED was estimated for 64 patients (male and female) who undertaking AP pelvis radiography using CALDOSE-X5 Monte Carlo software. The calculation of the ED was based on the measurements of X-ray tube output and the knowledge of exposure factors. The X- ray output was measured using Rad-Check ionization chamber for each X-ray tube. In total, seven X-ray tubes were enrolled to assess the patients’ ED. Exposure factors includes tube potential (kVp), tube loading (mAs) and X-ray source to image detector distance-SID (cm)); these were recorded for each patient together with their demographic data (weight(kg) and height(m)). Five major hospitals were considered in this work (i.e. Al Sadder, Al Hakeem, Al Furat , Al Manzrah and Middel Euphrates cancer center). Results: The average value of the estimated ED was ranged from 0.156±0.041 mSv to 0.4068±0.049 mSv across all hospitals. The value of max/min of the ED was ranged from 1.25 to 2.58 across different hospitals. The corresponding average values of the kVp used for this examination was ranged from 75 to 113.75 kVp; mAs: ranged from 11.7 to 42.1 mAs and for the SID the range was between 100 and 140.6 cm. Conclusion: The resulted data demonstrate there is a clear variability in patient dose and exposure factors set among the selected hospitals. The ED values were seen to be slightly lower than those reported by the UK (Survey-2010, 0.284 mSv) and were higher than those reported by certain countries (e.g. Canada, Ghana etc.). Overall, a periodic checking together with conducting a quality control testing is highly recommended.

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2020

Estimation of Organs Doses for People (Male and Female) Exposed to Indoor Radon in Al-Najaf

AuthorsAbdulwahid, T.A, Abojassim, A.A., Hassan, A.B
JournalJournal of Physics: Conference Series
Abstract

In this paper, the radon concentrations in the houses of (10) locations were measured using real-time continuous radon monitor RAD-7 detector together with estimating the corresponding female and male organ doses using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation software at Al- Najaf city-Iraq. It is found that the radon concentrations varied from (8.75±1.1 Bq/m3) to (32.32±4.0 Bq/m3 with an average (20.57±2.90 Bq/m3). The resulted data for male reveal that the bladder received the highest dose at 9.78E-05 μGy/h in Missan, while the salivary gland was noticed to have the highest dose in each of Jmhorria, Adalh, Saad and Milad regions with dose rates of 4.65E-05, 3.59E-05, 5.72E-05 and 3.45E-05 μGy/h respectively. In Asskry Najaf regions the highest dose was seen to be with the Lung with 9.30E-05 μGy/h. In Asskiry Kufa and Mutnaby the highest organ doses were attributed to the bone surface at 9.73E-05 and 9.62E-05 μGy/h respectively. In Tmoz and Sirai regions, the highest organ doses were with Extrathor airways and thyroid at 6.64E-05 and 9.65E-05 μGy/h respectively. By contrast, the female findings reveal the doses for all organs and across all considered neighborhoods ranged from 1. E-04 μGy/h to 9E-05 μGy/h. Finally, it can be concluded that all results of radon concentrations in ten locations samples were within the range allowed according to ICRP. The organ doses seem to be very low which in turn reduce the concern realted to the effect of radiation.

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2020

Natural radioactivity levels in soil samples of some schools in Al-Shatrah City at Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq

AuthorsDhahir, D.M., A., Abojassim, A.A., Najam, L.A., Yaqoub Al-Kazrajy, H.Y
JournalMalaysian Journal of Science
Abstract

In this article, natural radioactive elements such as 238U, 232Th and 40K were measured in the samples of soil which gathered from the city of Shatrah in Dhi Qar Governorate using the Gama ray spectroscopy (NaI(Tl)) technique. The radiation effects resulting from the radioactivity in the samples under study such as that of radium equivalent parameter (Raeq), the absorbed dose rate (Dr), the external hazard (Hext) and the internal hazard indices, and the representative gamma rays hazard index (Iγ), were calculated. Also, the annual effective dose (AEDE) together with Excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) index resulted from the exposure to the radioactivity of the samples of the soil of the studied areas were calculated. The results showed that the averages of specific activity from 238U, 232Th and 40K were 10.85±1.34Bq/Kg, 5.81±0.66 Bq/Kg and 354.11±21.60 Bq/Kg, respectively. Comparing the resulted data of this study with that of the average world limits ​​which determined by UNSCEAR, OCDE and ICRP, one can concluded that there are no health risks threatening the residents of Shatrah due to these radionuclides in the soil.

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2020

Can the anode heel effect be used to optimise radiation dose and image quality for AP pelvis radiography?

AuthorsH. Mraity, Walton, L., England, A., .Lanca, L., Hogg, P.
JournalRadiography
Abstract

Introduction A study was conducted to determine whether the anode heel effect can be used to influence optimisation of radiation dose and image quality (IQ) for AP pelvis radiography. Methods ATOM dosimetry phantom and an anthropomorphic phantom were positioned for AP pelvis. Using a CR system, images were acquired and doses were measured with phantom feet toward anode and then feet toward cathode. Exposure factors (kVp, mAs and SID) were systematically generated using a factorial design. Images were scored visually for quality using relative visual grading together with a 3 point Likert scale. Signal to noise ratio was also calculated as a physical measure of image quality. Dosimetry data were collected for the ovaries and testes. Results The optimum technique for male, which resulted in lower dose and suitable image quality, was with feet positioned toward the anode (0.80 ± 0.03 mGy; SNR of 38 ± 2.9; visual IQ score 3.13 ± 0.35). The optimum technique for female was with feet toward anode (0.23 ± 0.02 mGy; SNR of 34.7 ± 2.6; visual IQ score 3.15 ± 0.26). kVp had the biggest effect on both visual and physical image quality metrics (p < 0.001) for both tube orientations, whereas SID had the lowest effect on both visual and physical image quality metrics compared with mAs and kVp (p < 0.001). The effect of SID on the SNR was not significant (p > 0.05) with feet toward anode. Conclusion Positioning the patient with feet toward the anode, as opposed to the cathode, has no adverse effect on visual image quality assessment but it does have an effect on physical image quality. Implications for practice This study would add a new clinical concept in positioning of AP pelvis radiography especially for male positioning.

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2020

Assessment of concentrations of alpha emitters in cancer patients blood samples

AuthorsAbdulwahid, T.A, Alsabari, I.K., Abojassim, A.A., Hassan, A.B
JournalSylwan
Abstract

This study was conducted in Al Najaf Governorate of Iraq. Blood samples were collected from patients with cancer aiming to identify biomarkers as an evidence for the presence or absence of pollution caused by alpha emitters radionuclides (222Rn, 226Ra, and 238U). The radiation detection process was conducted using CN-85 nuclear track detector. The resulted data demonstrate that the concentrations of each of 222R and 226Ra were ranged from 0.39 to 2.50 Bq/kg and from 15.81 to 100.68 Bq/kg, respectively. Concerning the228U concentrations (ppm), the results demonstrated that they were ranged from 0.032 to 0.202 ppm. Examining the study findings indicate that the alpha emission depends, to certain extent, on the gender and age but did not depend on body mass index. According to the results of the current study, the level of each of radon-222, radium-226, and uranium-238 were within the internationally allowed limits, hence the blood can be argued to be free of environmental pollution.

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2018

Study the possibility of theoretically reducing the number of radiation sessions for patients with skin cancer using nanoparticles

AuthorsAbdulwahid, T.A, Alsabari, Imad K
Journal2020 8th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology, ICAST 2020.AIP Conference Proc
Abstract

The reduction in the number of sessions of radiotherapy is a primary goal in the field of radiotherapy. An important and promising approach to reach this goal is using the nanotechnology. This is via employing nanoparticles as a contrast agent to the target where radiation is applied. The contribution of the nanoparticles is expected to improve the sensitivity enhancement ratio (SER). The best way of exploiting the nanotechnology is by through the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) together with electron beam. The role of AgNPs is to increase the probability of the absorption of electrons within the tumor region while maintaining the adjacent healthy tissue unaffected. This therefore led to an increase in the destruction of cancer cells. In this work, the (AgNPs) were used as a contrast agent for skin cancer treatment with electron energy ranged from 2 MeV to 15 MeV. The findings demonstrated that there is an increase in the SER (e.g. 1.3 times with energy of 15 MeV). This would indicate for a reduction in the number of the required sessions ranged from four to five weeks period based on the applied energy of electrons where the ordinary radiotherapy sessions are known to be around seven weeks.

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2017

Radon levels in different types of drinking bottled water and carbonated drinks in Iraqi markets

AuthorsAli Abid Abojassim, Suha H. Kadhim, Hussien Abid Ali Mraity and Rua R. Munim
JournalWater Science & Technology: Water Supply
Abstract

In the presents work, radon concentration was measured for different types of drinking bottled water and carbonated drinks samples that are available in Iraqi markets. Radon measurements were carried out using RAD-7 an electronic Radon detector. Annual effective dose was also calculated. The measured radon concentration in samples of drinking bottled water was ranged from 0.0354 to 0.248 Bq/l with a mean value of 0.11265 Bq/l and the measured radon concentration in the samples of the carbonated drinks lies between 0.0354 and 0.283 Bq/l with a mean value of 0.1418 Bq/l. The mean values of the effective dose in all samples of drinking bottled water and carbonated drinks were found to be 0.410844 and 1.022 μSv/y respectively. The results of this work revealed that the radon concentrations were lower than the recommended limits which were indicated by the World Health Organization and by the regulatory bodies of European Union

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Lectures

10
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