Ekhlas Sabah Hassan Alkhazaaly

Carboplatin is a second generation platinum chemotherapeutic agent. Hepatotoxicity is a major dose regulating-factor while high dose platinum chemotherapy has been continued. Aim of this study is to test the hepatoprotective effect of the N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on acute liver toxicity induced by carboplatin in rat model. 24male and female sexually mature Sprague-Dawley rats were encompassed in this study, randomly divided into 4 groups, each one included 6 rats. group 1 received saline & considered as control group, group 2 received NAC, group 3 received carboplatin & group 4 received carboplatin + NAC for five days . After treatment, blood samples were collected from animals for measuring of serum total bilirubin, AST, ALT & LDH then animals were killed & dissected. Liver tissue of rats in all groups were examined for histopathological changes . carboplatin cause significant elevation in total bilirubin, AST, ALT & LDH (p< 0.001)with marked histopathological changes in liver suggesting carboplatin- induced hepatotoxicity. Group of rats treated with carboplatin & NAC had significant reduction in total bilirubin, AST, ALT & LDH (p< 0.001) with slight histopathological changes in liver suggesting protective effect for NAC against carboplatin- induced hepatotoxicity. NAC could be had protective effect on carboplatin- induced hepatotoxicity.

Abstract Diabetes mellitus has repeatedly attracted attention of researchers to design different therapeutic approaches to achieve an optimal treatment for this serious health challenge. The purpose of the study is to evaluate treatment option for controlling hyperglycemia at site of glucose absorption through designing computerized and in vivo models to test a sodium-glucose symporter based drug design. In silico protein data bank (pdb) model of SGLUT was processed and analyzed for docking with edited test glycoside. Another model included determination of the dose-response relationship in rat intestinal glucose/saline perfusion with test glycoside. Our result showed that Ginsenoside revealed a dose dependent SGLUT blocking activity in a saturation kinetics curve, which was agreed with in silico model results.

Seizure is a big neurological health problem affect about 1% of the general population causing significant social, health, and economic burdens that necessities further evaluations of more effective treatment for this disorder. In a trial of assessing the phospholipid derived citicoline protection against neurological and metabolic sequalaes of seizure, a rabbit model was prepared by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of xylocaine in comparison with xylocaine given together with citicoline in another group of rabbits. Clinical monitoring of convulsions together with physiographic electroencephalogram ( EEG ) recording and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase ( CPK ) parameters were evaluated. There was a significant protection against development of convulsion obtained in citicoline given group. Moreover citicoline significantly protected against EEG synchronization in that just 30 +/- 7 microV at upper alpha band(10-11.5 Hz) has been obtained which was within normal limits in comparison with xylocaine alone : 60 +/- 11 microV at theta 4-7.5 Hz band and 55 +/- 8 microV at gamma 20-45Hz ; P<0.05. Significant reductions in serum CPK and serum LDH were also attributed to administration of citicoline, P<0.05 .In conclusion : citicoline has beneficial protective effects against seizures and convulsion in a lower therapeutic dose.

Evidence has long been existed regarding the relationship between oxidative stress and diabetes. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of atorvastatin on selected oxidative stress parameters and its effect on lipid profile parameters in dyslipidaemic type 2 diabetic patients. Fifty nine dyslipidaemic type 2 diabetic patients were included in this study. A full history was taken and general examination was performed. The patients were taking an oral hypoglycaemic drug (glibenclamide) during the study.

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of lamotrigine (LTG) & carbamazepine (CBZ) on reproductive hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) & total testosterone), lipid profiles (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) & very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)), ovarian weight & histology in non epileptic female rats. Materials and methods: Thirty-two sexually mature female Sprague–Dawley rats were included in this study, divided randomly into 4 groups, each one included eight rats. Blood samples collected from one group (eight rats), then dissected before starting the treatment & experimental parameters were measured. The other 3 groups, group I received distilled water & considered as control group, group II received LTG & group III received CBZ for 56 days. After treatment, blood samples were collected from animals then killed & dissected for measuring of previously mentioned parameters. Results: LTG & CBZ caused insignificant changes in serum FSH, LH & total testosterone. LTG & CBZ treatment insignificantly affect lipid profiles & weights of ovaries. Ovaries of LTG & CBZ treated rats did not show features of polycystic ovaries & their histology appeared similar to normal tissue. Numbers of corpus leutum & numbers of follicular cysts did not change significantly in these ovaries. Conclusion: LTG & CBZ did not produce changes in reproductive hormones, lipid profiles & ovarian histology which were characteristic of PCOS in non epileptic female rats.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sodium valproate (VPA) on reproductive hormones (folliclestimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) & total testosterone), lipid profiles, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) & very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), ovarian weight & histology in non epileptic female rats. Twenty-four sexually mature female Sprague- Dawley rats were included in this study, divided randomly into 3 groups, each one included 8 rats. Blood samples were collected from one group (8 rats), then dissected before starting the treatment & experimental parameters were measured. The other 2 groups, group I received distilled water & considered as control group, group II received VPA for 56 days. After treatment, blood samples were collected from animals then killed for measurement of previously mentioned parameters. VPA caused significant reduction (P<0.05) in serum FSH & insignificant changes in serum LH & serum total testosterone. VPA treatment significantly reduced weights of ovaries (P<0.05) but insignificantly affect lipid profiles. Ovaries of VPA treated rats did not show features of polycystic ovaries & their histology appeared similar to normal tissue. Numbers of corpus leutum & numbers of follicular cysts did not change significantly in these ovaries. It was concluded that sodium valproate did not produce changes in reproductive hormones (except FSH), lipid profiles & ovarian histology which were characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in non epileptic female rats.