Estimation of CD4 and CD8 Marker Concentrations Post-Second Dose COVID-19 Vaccines in Diabetic Patients
الباحث الأول:
Dhuhah Hayder Abdul Jawad
الباحثين الآخرين:
3Rana F. Obaid 1Dhuhah H. Abdul-Jawad*, 2Qabas N. Hadi
المجلة:
Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology
تاريخ النشر:
1 يناير، 2026
مختصر البحث:
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented major challenges to global health, particularly among individuals with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, a group considered at high risk. Understanding the immune response in diabetic patients following C…
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented major challenges to global health, particularly among individuals with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, a group considered at high risk. Understanding the immune response in diabetic patients following COVID-19 vaccination is essential for improving outcomes and informing public health decisions.
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate serum CD4 and CD8 marker concentrations in diabetic patients up to six months after receiving a second dose of Pfizer, AstraZeneca, or Sinopharm vaccines.
Methodology
A total of 180 blood samples were collected from diabetic volunteers (60 per vaccine type) at 2, 4, and 6 months following their second vaccine dose. CD4 and CD8 levels were assessed using the ELISA technique.
Results
Serum CD4 and CD8 concentrations were significantly higher in the Pfizer and AstraZeneca groups compared to the Sinopharm group throughout the six-month follow-up. At peak (2 months post-second dose), mean CD4 levels were 10.28±3.10 (Pfizer), 9.97±3.21 (AstraZeneca), and 6.01±1.32 (Sinopharm); CD8 levels were 934.63±82.02 U/ml (Pfizer), 860.50±95.54 U/ml (AstraZeneca), and 775.63±92.01 U/ml (Sinopharm). A gradual decline in both markers was observed in all groups over time, with the sharpest decrease noted in the Sinopharm group at six months.
Conclusions
Pfizer vaccination in diabetic patients induced higher CD4 and CD8 serum levels during the early post-vaccination phase compared to AstraZeneca and Sinopharm. However, all vaccine types showed a time-dependent decline, most prominently in Sinopharm recipients.
