ايناس فالح عبد الرزاق الدباغ

This study was done to assess the effectiveness of commercially available tablets of metoprolol tartrate (50 mg). The specified tablets were manufactured in different companies and existed in the Iraqi market. The quality control tests were performed on various batches of film-coated tablets containing metoprolol tartrate. Weight variations, friability, hardness, drug content, disintegration time, and drug dissolution assay were among the tests conducted. The results of these tests were compared with the specifications of the USP Pharmacopeia. The obtained data in this research showed that all tablets of metoprolol tartrate from different products followed the USP limitation, the hardness was (7.47-9.87 kg/cm2), the drug content result was (93.4-99.4%) with in the USP limitation. The result of disintegration time and weight uniformity test were acceptable with pharmacopeia limitation, the in vitro release profile for all different batches was more than 85% in 30 minutes. This study clearly showed that all of the marketed batches of the metoprolol tartrate tablets were in a good agreement with the standards limitation of the USP pharmacopeia for the quality control tests.

Objective: This research was performed to assess the quality of different marketed tablets having mefenamic acid (500 mg). The selected tablets are produced by numerous companies and presented in the Iraqi pharmaceutical marketplace. Methods: Different batches of mefenamic acid conventional tablets were exposed for several tests of quality control. These evaluation tests include hardness, weight variation, friability, disintegration time, drug content, and drug dissolution profile. The properties of these quality tests were made conferring to the specification of USP-pharmacopeia. Results: The data of this study indicate that each tablet of mefenamic acid batches conformed to the requirement of USP pharmacopeia, the hardness was (6.87-8.06 Kg/cm2), and the drug content results were (90.666-99.214%) within USP limitation. The data of disintegration time and weight uniformity were agreeable with pharmacopeia and the in vitro release assay showed that the release of each mefenamic acid marketed tablet was highest than (80 %) in 45 min, which reproducing compliance with the USP pharmacopeia's limitation. Conclusion: From this study, it was proved that all of the marketed brands of mefenamic acid tablets meet the standard character in the USP pharmacopeia for in vitro quality control tests.

This study aimed to enhance the solubility of nimesulide by loading into an oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion. Aqueous titration method was used to prepare nanoemulsion loaded with nimesulide using pseudo-ternary phase diagrams method. Thermodynamic stability study, including particle size, PDI, and zeta-potential of the prepared formulations was analysed using nanosizer. Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) was used to study the morphology of droplets in the prepared formulations. In vitro release study of the nimesulide loaded in the nanoemulsion was also analysed. The optimized formulation, F2, was stable having droplet sizes range of 83-105 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.081 and zeta potential value of -29.48 mV with spherical and uniform distribution. The in vitro release study of nimesulide revealed a 99% release from the optimized formulation and the solubility of the loaded nimesulide was successfully increased by loading to nanoemulsion.

Niosomes are vascular systems used as safe and useful carriers for delivering both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. These vesicles are considered as drug delivery systems, which are designed using non-ionic surfactants. Niosomes are designed by mixing of biocompatible and biodegradable non-ionic surfactant (usually spans and tweens) and cholesterol with dispersion in aqueous media. It is composed from a bilayer of non-ionic surfactant with two extents, one of them is hydrophilic and the other is hydrophobic. The purpose of the present study is to prepare diphenhydramine HCl (DPH HCl) proniosomal gel that is capable to convert into niosomal forms on hydration and delivering drug in extended time. Materials and Methods: Proniosomal loading DPH HCl formulas were prepared by coacervation method. Sorbitan esters (Span 20, Span 40, Span 60, and Span 80) and their ethoxylated derivatives (Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, and Tween 80) were used in the preparation of proniosomal formulations. The prepared formulations were evaluated for physical manifestation, pH, shape, vesicles size, entrapment efficiency (EE), and in vitro drug release. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to examine the compatibility between medicine and other ingredients. Results: Results showed that the most prepared niosomal formulations were in the nanosize range and exhibited uniformity in the sizes of the vesicles with higher EE (68.6%–97.83%). FTIR studies indicated that there was no interaction between DPH HCl and other formulation materials of niosomal formulations. The prepared formulations containing Tween surfactants revealed higher release rates when compared with Span formulations. According to the results, niosomal formulation could be formulated for DPH HCl as transdermal delivery system. Conclusion: The above results indicated that DPH was well prepared as proniosomal gel with high EE using coacervation technique. Proniosomal formulation as a drug delivery system seems to be possible with DPH HCl and could act as alternative for delivering the drug with prolonged release at the site of action, in addition to avoid the side effects of drug by the other routes of drug administration