م.د. الهام جواد كاظم بلال

Abstract : The retrospective research was designed as immunohistochemical study to demonstrate the expression state of tumor suppressor genes (RB) in (56) formalin - fixed, paraffin embedded cervical tissues were included: 27 with malignant cervical carcinoma (CC) and 16 with benign cervical tumors, 13 apparently healthy cervica l tissues were used as a control group. The age of these individuals (patients and control groups) ranged between 23 and 73 years. They were collected from the pathological archives of teaching laboratories at many different private histopathological lab oratories in Babylon, AL - Najaf, Kerbela, AL - Qadisiya, during the period from April 2015 to January 2016. After sectioning of these cervical biopsies and staining by hematoxyline and eosin, a final definitive histopathological diagnosis was done by a consul tant histopathologist. The obtained results are summarized as follows: The mean age of the patients with cervical carcinoma (54 + 11.22years) was higher than the mean age of the benign group (38.8 + 9.85 years) and the mean age of those females in the group of healthy control (35.5 + 8.64years). There are significant differences ( p< 0.05) between different groups according to age. The well differentiated grade of CC constituted 52%, whereas those with moderately and poorly differentiated grades CC constituted 37%and 11% respectively. Over expression of RB - TSG was detected by IHC in 59.3 % of cervical cancer cases and in 43.8% of benign cervical tumor group, while none of control group showed RB - over expression. A high percentage 43.6% showed of cervical canc er have a moderate score (score II). Flowed by 37.5% and 18.8% were found to have low score (score I) and strong score (score III), respectively. While, in benign cervical tumor group, the highest percentage 57.1% were found to have moderate score (score I I) and 28.6%, 14.3% have strong score (score III) and low score (score I) respectively . The highest percentage of RB protein expression it was found within poorly differentiated that have 100% (3 out of 3 cases). Followed by 60% (6 out of 10cases), 57.1 %( 8 out of 14 cases) within moderately, well differentiated respectively . Keywords: RB - tumor, gene overexpression, cervical carcinomain, mid Euphrates.

Immunohistochemistryusing in detection of Frequency of P16INK4A tumor suppresser gene overexpression in woman infected with cervical carcinoma in mid Euphrates Elham Jwad Kadhem 1 *,Azhar Emran Al-thahab 2 1College of education of Girl / University of Kufa/ Kufa/Iraq 2 College of science/ Department of biology/Babylon University/Hilla/Iraq Abstract : This study was designed as a retrospective research. A total number of (56) formalin- fixed, paraffin embedded cervical tissues were included. 27 with malignant cervical carcinoma (CC) and 16 with benign cervical tumors, 13 apparently healthy cervical tissues were used as a control group. The age of these individuals (patients and control groups) ranged between 23 and 73 years. They were collected from the pathological archives of teaching laboratories at many different private histopathologicallaboratories in Babil, AL-Najaf, Kerbela, AL-Qadisiya, , during the period from April 2015 to January 2016. After sectioning of these cervical biopsies and staining by hematoxyline and eosin, a final definitive histopathological diagnosis was done by a consultant histopathologist. The study was designed as Immunohistochemical study to demonstrate the expression state of tumor suppressor genes (P16) in those tissues with cervical carcinoma, benign tumors as well as apparently healthy cervical tissues. The obtained results are summarized as follows: the most affected age of the patients with cervical carcinoma (68- 83 years)werereprepresented by 100% while the most affected age of the benign tumors group and control was (20-35) were represented by 53%.40% respectively . The most common histopathological type among all studied archived cervical carcinoma was squamous cell carcinoma 66,6% followed by the adinocarcenoma 33.3%. Over expression of p16 was detected by IHC in 48.1% (13 out of 27) cervical cancer cases and in 43.7%(7 out of 16) benign cervical tumor group, while none of control group showed P16- over expression. A high percentage 46.2% ( 6 out of 13) in cervical cancer while 42.9% (3 out of 7) found in benign cervical tumor group has a moderate score (score II).Inthe present study the highest percentage of p16 expression showed within cervical cancer cases was 53.8%, and 42.9% within benign cervical tumor group that have moderate signal intensity. The present study showed the high percentageof over expression of p16 was 52% found within age group (36-51 years) followed by 36%, 34%, 25% in age group (52-67years), (20-35years), (68-83years) respectively. The present study showed the high percentage 50% of p16 INK4A overexpression found within squamous cell carcinoma.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the in vitro antibacterial activity of honey on certain potentially pathogenic bacterial isolates., antibacterial activities of five honey samples collected from abu- alyakdan apiarist were all tested against three clinical pathogens isolate from surgical wound such as Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These honey samples were compared with standard antibiotics like Ampicillin, Tetracycline, ciprofloxacin. The antibacterial activity was tested using Kirby-Bauer’s method for antibiotics and well diffusion method for honey samples. The honey samples were tested at concentrations of (25%, 50%, 75%) . The all sample of honey showed distinct bacterial inhibitory effect in vitro at honey concentrations of 50% and above on the various tested bacteria. No growth inhibition effect was observed at 25 % concentration of all honey type against Kl.pneumoniae except mountaineer and eucalyptus honey which showed more activity against the three tested isolat. The study shows that honey more active than antibiotics, has certain organisms sensitive to it, and provides alternative therapy against certain bacteria and is also shown to have antibacterial action against a broad spectrum of bacteria, both gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria.