dhefaf hammed abdul saheb al-mudhaffer

Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is the net result of an inflammatory process which occurred when an organ suffered a transient decrease or cessation of the blood flow, followed by restoration of perfusion. The kidney is considered as one of the most susceptible organs to IRI. IRI is considered one of the major challenges of organ transplantation, because it directly correlates to the graft rejection. Oxidative stress is an important pathway that participates in the pathogenesis of IRI through enhancing of ROS production. ROS react with cellular component leading to lipid peroxidation, inactivation of enzymes, oxidation of glutathione, formation of organic radical, and destruction of the cell. The inflammation and immune system play a serious function in the pathogenesis of renal IRI; renal IR upregulates the gene expression of TLR in parts of kidney. Activation of these receptors leads to enhancement of inflammatory mediators which induce inflammatory responses, resulting in tubulointerstitial injury. Serelaxin has anti-inflammatory, ant fibrotic, antihypertrophic, and cytoprotective effects. Serelaxin decrease infiltration of the inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, basophils, mast cells and macrophages to several injured or damaged tissues and decrease the cytokines and chemokine released by these cells. This research aimed to investigate the renoprotective effect of serelaxinin on renal IRI in rat model by targeting TLR signaling pathway. Twenty adult Sprague Dawley male rats were randomized into four equal groups: sham group (underwent laparotomy but without IR, N = 5), control group (rats subjected to 30 min ischemia and 2 h reperfusion, N = 5), vehicle group (same as in control group + distilled water, N = 5), serelaxin group (as in control + 5 μg/kg SLX, N = 5). The kidney and blood were harvested after 2 h of reperfusion. Blood sample used to assessment SU and Scr. Kidney used to assessed tissue 8-iso PGF2α, HMGB1, IL-1β, and TLR4 as well as the histological examination. Rats in control and vehicle groups observed a significant increase in SU, Scr, 8-iso PGF2α, IL-1β, HMGB1, and TLR4 comparing with sham group. Histopathological study showed a significant elevation in injury score. Kidneys of serelaxin pretreated rats demonstrated histological and functional improvement as evidenced by significant decreased in SU and Scr, and there were a significant diminishing in 8-iso PGF2α. HMGB, IL-1β, and TLR4 in pretreated group appeared significantly reduced compared with control and vehicle groups. Serelaxin diminished the kidney damage mediated by renal ischemia and reperfusion. This renoprotective effect may be achieved by modulation of inflammatory response through inhibition of HMGB1-TLR4signaling pathway and reduce its downstream IL-1β protein expression in addition to antioxidant effect.

The present research aims at showing the effects of extracts of some plants seeds (Nigella sativa, Medicago sativa, Eruca sativa, Ocimum basilicum, Vitis vinifera, Portulaca oleracea) in animals that are induced by a type of drug Azathioprine as animal model of pancytopenia. Several reports have shown that plant extracts are used as an alternative to chemotherapy in many cases of diseases. The research was conducted on forty white rabbit (five weeks old), after weaning, weighing between 500-700 grams, the method of work included eight groups, the numbers of blood cell types that indicate the effectiveness of bone marrow were measured (RBC, WBC, Thrombocytes, IRF, IPF,IGs, Schistocytes, reticulocyte and ANC),the extracts showed different effects in terms of their ability to improve or redevelop bone marrow to produce blood cells, Ocimum basilicum extract showed a higher effect than the rest of the extracts in pancytopenia treatment, which gave a clear effect on improving bone marrow efficiency.

Inflammation plays pivotal role in pathogenesis of renal induced isquemia reperfusion (IRI). This is achieved by enhancing the production of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and immunomediators. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) treatment in renal IRI of rat model by targeting HMGB-1/TLRs signaling pathway. Twenty four Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham group (operated group but without IR), Control group (ischemia 30 min and reperfusion 2 h), Vehicle group (as in control + DMSO), and DMF group (as in control + 25 mg/kg DMF). After 2 h of reperfusion the blood was drawn and kidneys harvested to assess BUN, Scr, NGAL, HMGB-1, TLR2 and TLR4 in addition to histological examination. Rats in control and vehicle groups demonstrated significant elevation in BUN, Scr, and NGAL. Furthermore, HMGB-1 was significantly translocated into cytoplasm and released to extracellular space. Immunohistochemically, the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 were significantly increased. Kidneys of pretreated rats with DMF showed histological and functional amelioration as evidenced by significant reduction in BUN, Scr and NGAL. The anti-inflammatory effects of DMF appeared clearly through the significant inhibition of HMGB-1 secretion in addition to significant reduction of TLR2 and 4 proteinexpression. DMF alleviated the kidney damage induced by bilateral renal IR, and these protective impacts may be done by inhibition of HMGB1/TLR pathway.

The study of immune markers and their signaling pathways has permitted the development of a new prognostic strategies to give a better identifying and diagnostic manner for type of hypersensitivity. In current study fifty-eight patients suffering from hypersensitivity disease were admitted of Al-Forat AL- Awsat Hospital /Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf during the period from August till November 2016. All hypersensitivity patients were diagnosed by specialist physician. Patients with hypersensitivity (n=58) were divided in two categories Asthma(n=42) and Eczema (n=16) compared with healthy control group (n=30). The present study was centered on estimation of Immunoglobulin E. In current study the result has shown highly significant difference increase (p<0.05) in serum concentration of IgE in patients with Asthma and healthy control group. Also the current study shown highly significant difference increase(p<0.05) between serum concentration of IgE in patients with Eczema and healthy control group. Finally, the current study also shown moderate significant difference increase (p<0.05) between serum concentration of IgE in patients with Asthma and patients with Eczema. Aim of the study-Estimation of Immunoglobulin E and their relation with diseases associated with hypersensitivity type I,Finding out the relationship between this marker and types of disease association with hypersensitivity type I (Asthma and Eczema). (16) (PDF) Estimation of Immunoglobulin E in patient with hypersensitivity type one of Al-Forat AL-Awsat Hospital /Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf/Iraq. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343049904_Estimation_of_Immunoglobulin_E_in_patient_with_hypersensitivity_type_one_of_Al-Forat_AL-Awsat_Hospital_Al-Najaf_Al-AshrafIraq [accessed Jun 29 2021].

The study of immune markers and their signaling pathways has permitted the development of a new prognostic strategies to give a better identifying and diagnostic manner for type of hypersensitivity. In current study fifty-eight patients suffering from hypersensitivity disease were admitted of Al-Forat AL-Awsat Hospital /Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf during the period from August till November 2016. All hypersensitivity patients were diagnosed by specialist physician. Patients with hypersensitivity (n=58) were divided in two categories Asthma(n=42) and Eczema (n=16) compared with healthy control group (n=30). The present study was centered on estimation of Immunoglobulin E. In current study the result has shown highly significant difference increase (p<0.05) in serum concentration of IgE in patients with Asthma and healthy control group. Also the current study shown highly significant difference increase(p<0.05) between serum concentration of IgE in patients with Eczema and healthy control group. Finally, the current study also shown moderate significant difference increase (p<0.05) between serum concentration of IgE in patients with Asthma and patients with Eczema. Aim of the study-Estimation of Immunoglobulin E and their relation with diseases associated with hypersensitivity type I,Finding out the relationship between this marker and types of disease association with hypersensitivity type I (Asthma and Eczema).