Basheer Abdulameer Ali Alsadawi

Attendance systems have been rated as amongst the critical issues that reflect domain achievements, and their performances have contributed better to organisations, industries and universities compared with traditional methods that are time-consuming and inefficient. Different automatic identification technologies have become trends, and extensive research conducted and many applications produced to maximise technology features. To address issues related to attendance system technologies, including the advantages, schemes and methods and obstacles, we present a structured review of attendance management systems, with high potential for managing, recording and tracking the presence of users in different domains. Additionally, this study introduces a detailed literature survey schema for article categorisation. Out of the 204 identified papers, 90 were found relevant in the context of this review. The selected articles are comprehensively reviewed, criticised and assessed in accordance with Kitchenham's guidelines for systematic literature review. Lastly, we highlight the significant direction required for future research.

An optical character recognition OCR refers to a process of converting the text document images into editable and searchable text. OCR process poses several challenges in particular in the Arabic language due to it has caused a high percentage of errors. In this paper, a method, to improve the outputs of the Arabic Optical character recognition AOCR Systems is suggested based on a statistical language model built from the available huge corpora. This method includes detecting and correcting non-word and real words error according to the context of the word in the sentence. The results show that the percentage of improvement in the results is up to 98% as a new accuracy for AOCR output

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems were developed with high accuracy to facilitate transactions and increase human-computer interaction in most levels of government and commerce sectors. OCR has been adopted for diverse languages, but a few efforts have mainly been conducted in Arabic characters, and it has suffered weakness in the Arabic language. Therefore, a new Arabic Optical Character Recognition (AOCR) system is proposed to achieve a high performance recognition system in printed images. Several steps are conducted to achieve the proposed AOCR system, such as image preprocessing, segmentation (line, words, and character), feature extraction, and classification. After evaluated the recognition system with multi-criteria, the AOCR results have shown accuracy with 95% with different quality document images (spatial resolution); besides, the system was adequate to resist the degradation of the documents, compared to other commercial systems in the literature.

Electronic payment has been considered as one of the most significant and convenient applications of modern electronic services e-University compared to traditional methods that impose time-consuming, human resources, and inefficiency. Different automatic identification technologies have been widely used, such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). Extensive research and several applications are focusing on taking the maximum advantage of RFID technology. RFID is a technology used to transfer data from an electronic tag to send data to an RFID reader for identifying and tracking objects purposes. Data and information security had considered a crucial role when information or data concerning e-commerce, e-banking, or e-payments, especially due to it required real data to establish accessed illegally. Hence, data originality and security fall a very significant and critical issue in data communication services in recent years. Applications such as e-banking or e-commerce regularly contain sensitive and personal information that should be managed and controlled by authorized persons. Thus, keeping a secure password is important to prevent unauthorized users from illegal access. The password Hashing is one of the safety methods and means of preventing attacks. In this article, focuses on proposing an RFID based electronic payment and also provide multi-level security privileges for an academic domain by using RFID technology besides the Programmable Logic Circuit as well the system used VB.Net C# environment also desktop and web-based application for system working purposes. The proposed system aims to manage student payments in a secure manner and provides the capabilities of getting a bus ticket, copying books, buying food, paying registration fees, and other services. The results have shown the system is secured by using the confirmation code in addition to password encryption

nformation technology has played a vital factor in a competitive advantage for various business firms recently. Hence, catching up Investment of IT in most of the traditional industries for competitiveness purposes due to the relationship between organizational performance and IT use. In this study, attendance and management information system (AMIS) was presented in the industry field based on multi-modules. Modules are management information, time- scheduling and attendance, and employee self- service module. The system used VB.NET environment for programming perspective as well MS SQL server for database storage. The system is secure and robust recordkeeping, keep employee up to date via self- service access, easy to use (simplified) and powerful time and attendance, active work schedules to make an employee happy and keep workers in the loop, as well, review and exporting different reports for staff manager, supervisor, and employee such as absence, vacation, time-off, employee wages, and etc.

Recently, Web applications have been increased significantly in online services for most of the activities in our animation that are based on Internet-enabled applications. However, ignoring privacy and security aspects of the applications by web developers makes them attractive targets for security issues. In this article, a proposed protective approach that includes three preventive mechanisms that are: parameterized stored procedures, customized error messages, and encryption stored procedures in SQL server to prevent the danger of Structured Query Language Injection Attacks (SQLIA) in stored procedures. In addition, an analysis evaluation of the proposed protective approach with respect to the effectiveness approach is conducted. The proposed protective approach was effectiveness due to it capable of preventing the attacks of stored procedures SQLIAs efficiently.