براء عادل هادي البغدادي

Ghrelin is a peptide hormone made up of 28 amino acids. It is involved in various biological processes, including the stimulation of growth hormone release, control of food intake, and metabolic and cytoprotective effects. In 1999, this hormone was identified as a ligand for the GHSR1a growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Ghrelin hormone-receptor complexes have been modeled in a few previous in-silico studies, but none of them have investigated the effects of the gene variation rs34911341/(R51Q) on the full-length ghrelin model and on the hormone-receptor binding. It was established that the full-length ghrelin model’s secondary structure was unaffected by the R to Q amino acid substitution. Additionally, the mutant hormone-receptor complex exhibited better outcomes and altered the molecular interactions between the mutant ligand and the receptor by creating novel interactions, according to the post-molecular dynamic simulation analysis.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial and polygenic disease, which is considered as a major life threatening problem all over the world. There has been a worldwide effort in the identification of susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes mellitus. At present, adequate data are not available dealing with PPARG2 (rs1801282) gene polymorphisms and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus cases among Iraqi populations. Thus, we conceived the need for further studies to investigate PPARG2 gene polymorphisms and its susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this research is to study association PPARG2 gene polymorphism (Pro12Ala) with T2DM in Iraqi population. The study included 105 patients with T2DM referring to clinic and 80 healthy controls randomly selected based on WHO guidelines. BMI, FBS, lipid profile and insulin plasma levels were measured, DNA was extracted from blood and genotyped by PCR–RFLP with specific primers to amplify a fragment for digestion with restriction enzyme (Hpa II). Multinomial logistic regression was applied to compare the proportions of genotypes or alleles. Obtained results of PPARG2 gene GG, CG and CC genotype frequencies for T2DM individuals that obtained were 93.34% , 6.66% and 0% respectively, while in control group were 98.75% , 1.25% and 0% respectively . The genetic power of this study was 25.9% and according to HWE , X2= 41.299 , Pvalue=0.000 which is considered to be not significant. As a conclusion, there is no association between PPARG2 gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iraqi population.