بهاء عبد المسلم عبد الامير الزبيدي

Abstract---The manuscript adeptly demonstrates that all human languages utilize grammatical gender as a pivotal characteristic. Nonetheless, the extent of this differentiation is not uniform across languages. For instance, some natural languages classify two genders, specifically masculine and feminine, by employing proper nouns or personal pronouns, which may function to signify the grammatical gender of various terms within the scope of this study. There are robust arguments positing that gender differentiation in communication may engender particular stylistic subtleties that reflect the sociocultural backgrounds of the speakers of those languages. This study aspires to establish a comprehensive methodology for analyzing the grammatical genders of personal pronouns in both English and Arabic, taking advantage of a contrastive framework. Both languages offer grammatical descriptions of these pronouns. A significant aspect of this paper involves a comprehensive presentation of the similarities and disparities through various examples that encompass the entire spectrum of personal pronouns across different grammatical categories. Additionally, a structured contrastive analysis of personal pronouns in the selected languages is offered, to uncover fundamental concepts related to intracultural linguistic variation. The study also provides valuable insights for scholars studying English and Arabic. A considerable amount of data is displayed in several examples as part of direct instructional material. This data has been acquired from reputable sources, including Google Scholar, Google Books, and other academic repositories. Keywords---Language, Free Pronouns, Bound Pronouns, Contrastive Analysis, Grammatical Elements

ABSTRACT This article scrupulously explores the subtle appropriation of politeness strategies in Arabic and English from a general pragmatic and contrastive viewpoint. Having built on what Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness theory has provided, the research examines in detail how both speakers use a variety of required speech acts such as requesting, refusing, and apologizing, essential to effective communication. This investigation highlights the dynamic role played by the multifarious linguistic structures utilized and the extensive cultural norms that inform communication in such languages. Rich data were derived from real conversational data, discourse completion tasks (DCTs), and detailed corpus-based analyses. What is shown by the results of this comprehensive survey is that politeness strategies among Arabic speakers are biased towards positive politeness strategies that draw upon in-group solidarity, community affinity, and interpersonal closeness. English on the other hand is more frequently associated with negative politeness strategies that concern individual personal rights, protection of territory and reduction of any imposition on the addressee. Furthermore, cultural aspects, such as collectivism, the importance of honor codes, and religious norms, affect the diverse modes of politeness in Arabic interactions. The paper finally ends with sound pedagogical recommendations targeted at developing intercultural communicative competence and methodologies for second language learning, especially for Arab learners of English. These learners stand to gain much from increased knowledge of these politeness dynamics through which they can engage more successfully in interactions and demonstrate more respect for one another, rather than disengage when they find themselves in differing communicative situations. Keywords: Pragmatics, politeness strategies, contrastive linguistics, Arabic, English, Brown and Levinson, intercultural communication, speech acts.

Abstract This paper analyzes phonological studies of elision in Arabic. Certain deletion cues are proposed to be articulatory effects that occur naturally and involuntarily during rapid speech. The linguistic phenomenon facilitates a reduction in the effort required for lengthy utterances. Elision, which can be defined as "omission" or "deletion," is a unique idea that appears when people change quickly, such as when letters or sounds are cut out. This phenomenon can be described as an example of economic efficiency. In addition to addressing the issue of energy conservation, it simplifies the process of expressing oneself verbally and in writing. The data presented herein are illustrated through various forms and examples intended for direct educational purposes. The information was gathered from reputable sources such as Google Scholar, Google Books, and other online platforms. This study addresses the phonological phenomenon of elision in classical Arabic, recognizing it as a linguistic event prevalent across diverse human societies. Through this research, the study seeks to explore the definition of the omission concept within the Arabic language, thereby illuminating several aspects of phonetics and phonology. Keywords: Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology, Elision, Vowel, Proper Noun, Phonemes.

Abstract The practical formula of this paper helps the readers (EFL learners) how can they work by themselves to explain and realize the articulation of the English consonant sounds. However, the theoretical material is necessary for anyone who needs to understand the principles of regulating these sounds in spoken English. Most of the readers (EFL students) are aware of the importance of linguistics topics, but they do not have sufficient basic knowledge to understand these topics, especially Phonetics and Phonology. It is an endeavour to show the general categorization existing in consonants on the phonological aspects. Most of the time, there are three labels that are given a little awareness in instructors’ lectures to EFL students as if they existed worthless. Thus, while explaining the English consonant sounds, it is recommended that the EFL instructors should pay equal awareness to these labels with different class activities. The quantity of data displayed in some figures with (151) examples as part of direct education. These data were procured from Google Scholars, Google Books and other websites.

Abstract This paper examines some cultural differences between two neighbouring countries: Iraq and Iran according to the field of cross-cultural study-Hofstede’s work, the GLOB E study on cultural dimensions, Trompenaars’ cultural dimensions, and Hall’s research. All have regarded as models. This study came up with the result that Iraq and Iran include little different cultural systems that based on different cultural backgrounds. These will compare to the Iraqi and Iranian cultural data in the GLOB E study, Hall’s study, and the significantly different results on Hofstede’s research and some of Trompenaars’ cultural dimensions. An attempt will be made to analyze the importance of cultural diversity in our world and to discuss the causes of these data.

This book aims at investigating the ways in which deixis are identified in Standard English and Standard Arabic. It is an attempt to show the similarities and differences existing between them on the syntactic and semantic levels. The comparison manifested a great similarity between the two compare languages and this result supports to a great extent the concept of universalism.

ندوة عبر الإنترنت عبر تطبيق Zoom استضافها برنامج الدراسات العليا في اللغويات التطبيقية (LAEL)، الجامعة البابوية الكاثوليكية في ساو باولو، البرازيل في 21-05-2020.

ندوة عبر الإنترنت من خلال تطبيق Zoom بعنوان "أفضل الممارسات في التعلم عبر الإنترنت والتعلم المدمج في ظل ظروف التكنولوجيا المحدودة" من جامعة مردوخ في غرب أستراليا بتاريخ 05-05-2020.

https://www.facebook.com/bhaa.salman.1/posts/1469764289722431?pnref=story

نظم قسم البعثات والعلاقات الثقافية في جامعة الكوفة ورشة عمل تعريفية بعلم الصوتيات والوصف التشريحي لاعضاء الكلام حضرها عدد من أساتذة وطلبة أقسام اللغة الانكليزية في كليات الآداب والتربية واللغات ، هذا وتضمنت الورشة محاضرة للتدريسي في كلية التربية بهاء عبد المسلم أشار فيها الى مواقع أعضاء الكلام والنطق لدى الانسان ، وتميز الاصوات التي تنطق بواسطة الفم والانف لدى الانسان ، وأشار المحاضر الى مصطلحات جديدة تخص علم التشريح لدى الطلبة ، من جانبها أكدت الدكتورة سهام الكواز مدير قسم البعثات والعلاقات الثقافية ان الورشة تهدف الى اعطاء وصف تشريحي لاعضاء الكلام (النطق)ووظيفة تلك الاعضاء عن طريق رابط الكتروني مقدم من جامعة أيوا الأمريكية. http://www.uokufa.edu.iq/ar/index.php?news=6934

صدر عن مؤسسة لامبرت الاكاديمية الالمانية للنشر كتاب جديد للتدريسي في كلية التربية بجامعة الكوفة المدرس المساعد بهاء عبد المسلم بعنوان ( الاشاريات في اللغتين الانكليزية والعربية). وتضمن الاصدار خمسة فصول علمية ، تناول الفصل الاول والثاني أصل مفهوم مصطلح التعيين وتعاريفه وتصنيف أنواع التعيين والعلاقة بين التعيين والوحدات الأرجاعية ، أما الفصل الثالث تطرق الى الأنواع الرئيسية للتعيين في اللغة الانكليزية ( الشخص ، المكان ، الزمان ) والأدوات المستخدمة للتعبير عنها ، اما الفصل الرابع فتناول أقسام الكلام في اللغة العربية والأنواع الرئيسية من التعيين فيها ، والعناصر المستعملة للتعبير عنها ، أما الفصل الخامس فعرض النتائج الرئيسية من التعيين. أعلام كلية التربية http://www.uokufa.edu.iq/ar/index.php?news=6488