اسيل علوان عبد المعموري

The study on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) took place during the cropping season of 2019-2020 at the Babil Governorate, Abu Gharq Region, Iraq. This study aimed to determine the response of five potato cultivars, Burren (control), Everest, Arizona, Argos, and Evora, to foliar application of Loenergy Plus Nano-nutrient solution with three concentrations (0, 1.5, and 2.5 ml-1) and three replicates. The results showed the Loenergy Plus Nano-nutrient solution's spraying significantly affected the potato cultivars' vegetative and yield characteristics, especially when used at a concentration of 2.5 ml L-1. It resulted in the highest average values compared with the lower concentration and the control (distilled water). The potato Argos cultivar expressed the maximum values in vegetative traits among the studied potatoes. The research showed the different potato cultivars behaved differently to the same factor in the Iraqi environmental conditions.

Potato multiplication with seeds reduces the costs of agriculture, environmental damage resulting from the use of pesticides to maintain seeds and helps to produce seeds resistant to viral diseases. However, low seed germination rate of some varieties can considerably limit the production of potatoes in this way. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soaking seeds of six potato strain in different concentrations of gibberellin on germination rate and characters of yielded mini-tubers. Potato seeds of all strain (imported ID, MST186-1Y, MSL211, MSV093-1 and MSS927-01 and the local comparison cultivar Burren) were soaked in gibberellin at three concentration levels (0, 500 or 1000 mg/L). The seeds were then dried and planted in cork dishes inside the greenhouse. At stage of two true leafs, the seedlings were transferred to 4 kg pots containing field soil and peat moss at 3:1 ratio. Pots were distributed based on RCBD with four replicates and five pots per experimental unit. The results of the study showed that the treatment of potato seeds with gibberellin had a significant effect in increasing the rate and speed of germination and the number and weight of tubers produced. In general, the highest concentration of gibberellin (1000 mg / L) was more effective than the lowest concentration and significantly differed from the distilled water treatment. All the values of the studied traits were affected by plant cultivar. The ID cultivar recorded highest values in germination ratio, number and weight of tubers. The strain did not differ in germination speed although MSL211 gave the highest rate of germination speed among all treatments and with only significant difference from the lowest rate recorded in the comparison cultivar Borin. Interaction of gibberellin treatment and potato cultivar was always effective in increasing all the tested traits over the untreated control. Findings of this study showed successful production of potato mini-tubers from potato seeds in case of Iraqi field conditions.

The experiment was conducted at Greenhouse / Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, to study the seedling response of three true potato seed (TPS) genotypes (MSL211, MSV093-1 and MSS927-01) to foliar fertilizer (0, 5, 10 g.L-1). The seeds were soaked for 24 hours and planted in planting dishes, the seedlings were cared until 40 days age. The seedlings were transferred to plastic house for a field experiment according to randomized complete block design with three replications. The spraying were done 15 days intervals with neutral fertilizer (20-20-20 N-P-K). After crop maturity, the data were taken as average of 10 plants by calculating plant tubers number , tuber average weight and plant tubers yield. The genotype MSS927-01 was significantly superior in plant tuber number, average tuber weight and yield per plant ( 5.5, 7.3 g and 40.82 g , respectively). The fertilizer was significantly affected yield components compared to control and high concentration was significantly superior by increasing plant tuber number, average tuber weight and plant tuber yield to 5.7 , 7.8 g and 44.54 g , respectively.

نفذت تجربة حقلية في موقعين، الأول في محافظة بابل / منطقة المهناوية التابعة لناحية أبي غرق و الثاني في محافظة النجف الأشرف/ قضاء الكوفة )السهلة) للموسم الزراعي 2012-2013 لدراسة استجابة ثلاثة أصناف من اللهانة للرش بمستخلص السماد العضوي )سعف النخيل(. حيث تضمنت التجربة اثني عشر معاملة هي نتيجة التداخل بين ثلاثة أصناف من اللهانة Copenhagen Market و Ruby Perfection و Tropicana و أربعة تراكيز من مستخلص السماد العضوي )سعف النخيل) هي ) 0 ,25 ,50,75مل.لتر-1 (نفذت التجربة بتصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة R.C.B.Dفي تجربة عامليه بثلاث مكررات و تلخصت النتائج بما يأتي : دلت النتائج تفوق الصنف Tropicana معنويا في عدد الأوراق الكلي للنبات و النسبة المئوية للنيتروجين ومتوسط وزن الرأس و الحاصل الكلي و الصفات النوعية للرؤوس المتمثلة: النسبة المئوية للكاربوهيدرات، البروتين . بينما تفوق الصنف معنويا Copenhagen Market في النسبة المئوية للبوتاسيوم فقط مقارنة بالصنف Ruby Perfection الذي أعطى أقل القيم لنفس الصفات. تفوق الرش بجميع تراكيز مستخلص السماد العضوي )سعف النخيل) معنويا في الصفات أعلاه، و أعطى الرش بتركيز) 50 مل.لتر-1) أعلى القيم قياسا بمعاملة المقارنة )الرش بالماء المقطر فقط) التي أعطت أقل القيم للصفات أعلاه. أظهرت نتائج التداخل بين العاملين وجود تأثير معنوي إذ أعطت معاملة التداخل) مل. لتر-1 50 × Tropicana (أعلى القيم لصفة عدد الأوراق الكلي للنبات و النسبة المئوية للنيتروجين وصفة و متوسط وزن الرأس و الحاصل الكلي و النسبة المئوية للكاربوهيدرات، البروتين إذ بلغت66.87،67.39 ورقة. نبات-1 و % 4.07 و 2.83،0.97 كغم و 47.41، 26.90 طن .هكتار-1 و 25.50%،23.58 % و 2.88%،2.76 % لموقعي التجربة على التوالي باستثناء صفة النسبة المئوية للنيتروجين لموقع التجربة الثاني إذ أعطت معاملة التداخل) مل.لتر-1× Copenhagen Market ( 50 أعلى القيم لهذه الصفة بلغت 3.85 %، بينما أعطت معاملة التداخل) مل.لتر-1× Copenhagen Market ( 50 أعلى قيمة لصفة النسبة المئوية لموقعي التجربة على التوالي مقارنة بمعاملة التداخل بين (الماء المقطر فقط × 3.84، 3.90 % للبوتاسيوم بلغت 1.47 %، 2.22 و 40.42، 44.87 ورقة. نبات-1) التي أعطت أقل القيم للصفات أعلاه بلغت 1.56، 1.72 % و 14.19، 15.61 % و 16.61، 23.96 طن. هكتار-1 و 0.22، 1.55 % و 2.27، 2.45 كغم و لموقعي التجربة على التوالي.

The experiment was conducted at the research station of the College of Agriculture/University of Kufa for the 2022 growing season. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the eggplant plant response in terms of growth and yield to foliar spray with vermicompost at three concentrations (0. 25 and 50mL L-1) and/or amino acids (Tecamin Max) at three levels (0, 1.5 and 2 mL L-1). The experiment was a factorial, completely randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the 50 mL L-1 of vermicompost or 2 ml L-1 of amino acids were the best treatments and led to the highest values of plant height (61.00 and 56.44 cm), number of leaves (129.8 and 123.1 leaf plant-1), number of branches (7.33 and 6.89 branch plant-1), fruit length (11.60 and 11.78 cm), fruit weight (228.00 and 238.33 g) and leaf content of carbohydrates (5.93 and 7.10 mg 100 gm-1). Except for plant height, all indicators under study increased significantly in the combination treatments between the two experimental factors compared to the individual treatments and the control treatment.