Ashraf Raoof Mohammedali AL-Assadi

The study has been conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sciences/University of Kufa be- tween November 2024 and January 2025, fifteen female Albino Rats are used. levofloxacin drug is fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Particular emphasis is placed on the clinical efficacy of levofloxacin and its place in therapy. Compared with ciprofloxacin and the earlier quinolone agents, levofloxacin has an improved pharmacokinetic profile that allows convenient once- daily dosing in either an oral or parenteral formulation. The present study has been intended to show the effect of levofloxacin drug on determine the morphological changes of embryos and the chance of pregnancy and evaluate the possible histopathological effects on some maternal organs (heart and lung) in 20th day post coitum in female Albino Rats. The females Rats are randomly divided into two main groups, comprising five rats for control group and ten rats for treated group. The control group is given orally of physiological normal saline and the second group are given orally of levofloxacin doses 1.5 mg/kg/day for 20 days from the first day of pregnancy to the end of experimental allocated for each female. levofloxacin doses 1.5 mg/kg/day caused morphological changes of embryos and reduce the chance of pregnancy and on observed histopathological effects in heart but observed histopathological effects on maternal lungs such as congestion and hemorrhage compared with control group.

A widespread issue that the may impact people of all ages and genders, thinning hair has a variety of reasons. This Replacement Kidneys Department at Al-Kafel Hospital in the the city of Karbala district of Iraqi served as the investigation’s site. forty-five cases in all, comprising twenty-five people experiencing lost hair through Twenty control systems, were investigated in Iraqi between the first of July and the last day of November in 2022. For the purpose of to assess how they participate within the onset of loss of hair, this research compared serum concentrations of the hormone vitamin D, ferritin, and zinc oxide among people with hair loss that is diffuse and in normal people. Additionally, it sought to foresee and identify the the development and accessible diagnostic procedures during human hair loss immediately. Twenty standards and twenty patients with hair loss made up the 45 cases that were analyzed. Individuals with hair loss served as the test specimens, while none of the investigation’s participants smoked or suffered severe overeating. The patients are around the decades of Ten and Forty. Five milliliters of sterilized fresh blood from each person were extracted from each blood vessel, and the concentrations of zinc, D3, vitamin D3, and ferritin were measured.According to the investigation’s findings, people with hair loss have significantly lower levels of the antioxidant vitamin D3, ferritin, and zinc than those with normal hair. vitamin D3 levels in females are significantly lower than in males. However, this isn’t a statistically important distinction. However, there is no statistically significant variance (p<0.05) among male and female people who experience receding hair in terms of serum ferritin and iron concentrations. In the present research, people who had hair loss showed a favorable correlation between age and vitamin D3. Improved comprehension of the reasons of loss of hair is provided by the investigation, which links insufficient vitamin D3 to a drop in ferritin and zinc, which raises the patient’s chance of hair loss. Additionally, this study demonstrates that female individuals with diminished hair growth may have lower levels of vitamin D and serum ferritin, a measure of iron status. All patients had zinc deficits identified. Therefore, it is imperative that all patients who report widespread lack of hair have their vitamin zinc levels checked on a regular basis.

The study has been conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sciences/University of Kufa between December 2022 and February 2022, fifteen female Albino Rats are used. Gentamicin is aminoglycoside antibitics widely used during pregnancy for treatment the infections. The present study has been intended to show the histolopathologiacl effects of gentamic in on placenta in female Albino Rats. The females Rats are randomly divided into three main groups, comprising five rats for each group. The control group is given inta peritoneal injection of physiological normal saline and the second and third group are given inta peritoneal injection of gentamicin doses twenty, forty mg/kg/day Keywords: Rats, Pregnant, Gentamicin, Placenta respectively for 20 days from the first day to the end of experimental allocated for each female.The rats are sacrificed in 20 th (dpc) to study the hitopathological effects of gentamicin on placenta. The histopathlogical study of female rats embryos treated with twenty, forty mg/kg/day of gentamicin have shown degeneration of spongiotrophoblast and congestions in placental labyrinth compare to control group.The scanning electron microscope study show deformation of architecture structure of placental parenchyma. In conclusion; gentamicin caused hitopathological effects on placenta in 20 th (dpc).

The study has been conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sciences/University of Kufa, fifteen female Albino Rats are used. Dexamethasone is widely used as glucocorticoids for anti inflammation and allergic diseases. The present study has been intended to show the histolopathologiacl effect of dexamethasone on liver and kidneys of female Albino Rats. The females Rats are randomly divided into three main groups, comprising five rats for each group. The control group is given intra peritoneal injection of physiological normal saline and the second and third group are given intra peritoneal injection of dexamethasone doses twenty, forty mg/kg/day respectively for twenty days from the first day to the end of experimental allocated for each female. The rats are sacrificed to study liver and kidneys morphologically and histologically. Dexamethasone doses twenty, forty mg/kg/day caused significant increase (p˂0.05) in relative weights of liver and kidney female rats compare to control Keywords: Rats, Dexamethasone, Kidneys, Liver group. The histological study on kidneys of female rats treated with twenty dose mg/kg/day of dexamethasone have shown deformation of glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule degeneration and hemorrhage. While the kidneys from the forty-dose mg/kg/day dose of dexamethasone have shown severely affected, they are appeared enlargement of glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubules degeneration and hemorrhage. The histological study on sections from liver related to female rats treated with twenty dose mg/kg/day of dexamethasone has shows hepatocytes degeneration and hemorrhage. While the liver from the forty-dose mg/kg/day dose of dexamethasone has shown severely affected, they are appeared hepatocyte degeneration and enlargement of nuclei. In conclusion; dexamethasone caused increased in size of kidneys and some histopathological effects while in liver caused hepatotoxicity.

Vitamin A is lipid soluble Vitamin widely used during pregnancy as a food supplement. The present study has been intended to show to evaluate the possible teratogenic and histopathplogical effects of Vitamin A on embryos and some maternal organs in albino rats females. The study is conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sciences/University of Kufa between December 2021 and December 2022, sixty four Albino Rats are used; fifty four females and ten males are fertilized male rats which were used insemination only. After conducting mating and confirming pregnancy by conducting vaginal smear interviews, the females Rats has been randomly divided into six main groups, comprising nine rats for each group. The control negative group has been given orally administration of physiological normal saline NaCl 0.9% and the first normal treated groups have included nine pregnant female rats in each group that have been given orally administration by dose 10ug/kg/day of Vitamin A. The second normal treated groups included nine pregnant female rats in each group was given orally administration by dose 20ug/kg/day of Vitamin A. The control positive group has included nine pregnant female rats, induced anemic by drawing Iml blood from the heart and discard the blood and was given orally administration of physiological normal saline NaCl 0.9. The first anemic treated group: included nine pregnant female rats, induced anemic and was given orally administration by dose 10ug/kg/day of Vitamin A. Second anemic treated group included nine pregnant female rats, induced anemic and was given orally administration by dose 20ug/kg/day of Vitamin A. All the groups mentioned above divided to three sub groups, each group having three pregnant females sacrifice it when a period of implantation to knowledge of implantation locations in 7th day post coitum and three female in 15th day post coitum and three female in 20th day post coitum for knowledge of morphology of embryos and some organs tissues changes for the embryos and maternals. The study has exhibited significant increase (p<0.05) in final body weight and percentage of weight gain of pregnant rats and significant increase (p<0.05) in relative weights of liver while (non significant difference in anemic groups 20ug/kg/day of vitamin A) and significant increase (p<0.05) in relative weights of kidney while (non significant difference in normal groups 10ug/kg/day of vitamin A) and significant increase (p≤0.05) in relative weights of heart while (non significant difference in anemic groups 10ug/kg/day of vitamin A) and significant increase (p≤0.05) in relative weights of brain and significant increase (p<0.05) in relative weights of lung while (non significant difference in normal and anemic groups 10mg/kg day of vitamin A) while non significant difference in spleen relative weights compared with negative and positive controls groups. The study has exhibited a significant increase (p≤0.05) in concentration of oral administration of Vitamin A 10 and 20 g/kg/day for all treated groups compared with negative and positive control groups. The study has revered a significant increase (p<0.05) in the liver enzymes levels ALT, AST and ALP (IU/L) and urea and creatinine (mg/dl) while (non significant difference in anemic groups 10ug/kg/day of vitamin A).and also a significant increase in Hb (gm/dL) due to oral administration of Vitamin A 10 and 20 ug/kg/day for all the treated groups compared with negative and positive control groups. The uterus of pregnant rats (7, 15 and 20 th dpc) in both treated groups of 10 and 20ug/kg/day of Vitamin A showed deformations in embryos such as little numbers of embryos with pale form, shortness in the upper extremities, white colors and small sizes of embryos and appeared in some treated groups (incomplete growth) and also tail twisting in all treated groups compared negative and positive control groups. The results of histological sections of pregnant rats 7th dpc in treated groups 10 and 20 g/kg/day by Vitamin A showed different to positive and negative control groups, as it suffered from modifications in stromal cells in endometrium that converted to decidual tissue compared to control groups. The result of the histological sections of the fetal kidney treated with 10 mg/kg/day dose of Vitamin A, have shown deformation of glomerulus while in dose 20g/kg/day of Vitamin A showed severely effects compared to control groups. The result of the histological sections of the fetal liver treated with 10 g/kg/day dose of Vitamin A, have shown congestion while in dose 20ug/kg/day of Vitamin A showed severely effects compared to control groups. The result of the histological sections in normal and anemic maternal liver of the pregnant rats treated with 10 4g/kg/day dose of Vitamin A, have shown hepatocytes injury while in dose 20g/kg/day of Vitamin A showed severely effects compared to control groups. The result of the histological sections in normal and anemic maternal kidneys of pregnant rats treated with 10 g/kg/day dose of Vitamin A, have shown deformation of glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule injury while in dose 20ug/kg/day of Vitamin A showed severely affected, they are appeared deformation of glomerulus and proximal convoluted tubule injury compared to control groups. The result of the histological sections in normal and anemic maternal spleen of pregnant rats treated with 10 g/kg/day dose of Vitamin A, have shown normal white pulp and red pulp while in dose 20ug/kg/day of Vitamin A showed enlargement of red pulp compared to control groups. The result of the histological sections in normal and anemic maternal lungs of pregnant rats treated with 10 g/kg/day dose of Vitamin A, have shown congestion in blood vessels while in dose 20g/kg/day of Vitamin A showed extreme effects compared to control groups. The result of the immunohistochemical study on the normal and anemic maternal liver and kidneys that are treated by dose 10ug/kg/day of Vitamin A in 7th, 15 th and 20 th dpc showed, in increased numbers of Nrf2 positive cells, while in dose 20ug/kg/day of Vitamin A showed severely Nrf2 positive cells compared to control groups. In conclusion, Vitamin A has caused teratogenic, physiological, histopathological and immunohistochemical effects in dose 10 and 20ug/kg/day in 7th, 15 th and 20 (dpc) in embryos and some maternal organs.

The study has been conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sci- ences/University of Kufa between December 2022 and Febru- ary 2022, fifteen female Albino Rats are used. Gentamicin is aminoglycoside antibiotics widely used during pregnancy for treatment the infections . The present study has been intended to show Alfa Feto Protein parameter in serum and the histo- logical effects of gentamicin on pups liver by SEM in female Albino Rats. The females Rats are randomly divided into three main groups, comprising five rats for each group .The control group is given inta peritoneal injection of physiological normal saline and the second and third group are given inta peritoneal injection of gentamicin doses twenty, forty mg/kg/day respec- tively for 20 days from the first day to the end of experimental allocated for each female.The rats are sacrificed in 20 th (dpc) to study the Alfa Feto Protein parameter in serum and histo- logical effects of gentamicin on pups liver. The physiological study show negative results in all study groups due to absent of malformations in pups and present histological effects in ex- ternal architecture structure of pups liver compare with control groups. In conclusion; aminoglycoside gentamicin caused histological effects on pupa liver and not absent of malformations in pups due to negative results of Alfa Feto Protein parameter.

we did this voluntry work in order to increase the green area at the univercity of kufa

This stadium was built with an area of 300 sqaure meters