علي حسين خضير الدجيلي

Abstract. The current study's goal is to employ Tribulus terrestris aqueous floral extracts to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and test their antibacterial efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) isolated from otitis externa in dogs. Biological nanoparticle synthesis is gaining popularity over chemical and physical processes due to its cost-efficiency and environmental friendliness. Silver nanoparticles were made by mixing Tribulus terrestris plant extract with 1 mM silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution (AgNPs). UVVisible spectrophotometry revealed the biosynthetic nanoparticles' maximum absorbance peak at wave lengths (410nm). The SEM was spherical and homogenous in shape, with a size range of 20 to 25 nm. The XRD indicated that the size of AgNPs was 50.21 nm. EDS was utilized to determine the presence of silver element. The AFM revealed the three-dimensional structure of silver nanoparticles with a diameter of 60.17 nm on average. The Zeta potential of the particle size analyzer was 45 mV. It was observed that as the concentration of AgNPs Increased, so did the size of the inhibition zone; (150μg/ml) exhibited a larger inhibition zone (32mm) than when using concentrations of 100μg/ml, 50μg/ml, and 25μg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, biosynthesized AgNPs generated from Tribulus terrestris demonstrate potent antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from otitis externa in dogs.

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovipneumonea) is a major respiratory infection in sheep worldwide. The current study aims to diagnose, identify, and examine M. ovipneumonea in sheep using hematology, biochemistry, pathology and molecular. The current study gathered samples from Awassi sheep of both sexes and 1.5-4 years of age in the Al-Najaf slaughterhouse from January to April 2022, who were suffering from respiratory symptoms such as ocular, nasal discharge, and coughing. Before slaughter, blood samples (n=210) were obtained for hematobiochemical and serological analysis; following slaughter, lung specimens were collected from sheep for DNA gene-based PCR analysis and the preparation of paraffin blocks for histological evaluation. Animals with pneumonic pathological changes had a range of respiratory symptoms. The appearance revealed multiple stages of pulmonary changes, including respiratory congestion, edema mixed with fibrin fluid, irregular consolidation and hemorrhagic patches on the lungs' surface, and inflammatory exudate in their airways. The infected sheep were found to be anemic and to exhibit leukocytosis on a hematological value. In compared to healthy animals, blood biochemical indicators such as cholesterol, HDL, and albumin were shown to be decreased. ALT, AST, total protein, globulin, and fibrinogen levels all increased. Histopathologically, the infected sheep had broncho interstitial pneumonia and purulent to fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia. Serology results show that 210/123 (58.8%) confirmed the presence of Mycoplasma spp. M. ovipneumoniae DNA was extracted from lung tissue samples and replicated using genus and species-specific primers. The 16S rRNA gene of M. ovipneumonea was found in 123/52 (42.2%) of the PCR findings. Our findings indicated that M. ovipneumoniae was one of the agents involved in generating lung consolidation and pneumonia in Awassi sheep, and that PCR was more effective in identifying Mycoplasmas.

Abstract Mastitis is a complicated disease that is caused by interaction of the agent, animal, and environment. It is a major animal and public health problem with global economic implications. The primary zoonotic pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus, necessitating the implementation of control strategies in dairy farms. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of synthesized Silver nanoparticles in treating experimentally induced mastitis with S. aureus in lactating local breed goats, as well as their potential alternative usage for mastitis treatment. Between January and August 2021, the study was divided into four parts to accomplish the objectives at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Science/University of Kufa in Iraq. The first part was determining the prevalence of Staphylococcus mastitis and S. aureus isolates in 185 lactating goats in the Al-Najaf district. A total of 338 milk samples were collected and subjected to physical examination, the California mastitis test (CMT), a Somatic cell count (SCC), and bacteriological examination which used as standard techniques to isolate and identify bacteria. The VITEK2 system was used to validate the diagnosis, and isolates were evaluated for antibiotic sensitivity. The prevalence of infection with S. aureus mastitis was reported to be 43.75 % in clinical cases and 29.87 % in subclinical cases. Antibacterial susceptibility testing revealed that 22 isolates of S. aureus were 100 % susceptible to Gentamicin. The second part investigated the biosynthesis and characterization of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by bacteria using Bacillus clausii, as well as their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. AgNPs were biosynthesized by introducing silver nitrate (AgNO3) to Bacillus clausii cell-free supernatant at a concentration of (1 mM). The biosynthesis of AgNPs was initially suggested by the reaction mixture changing color from yellow to reddish brown. UV-VIS spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscope (AFM) were used to characterize biosynthesized nanoparticles. The size, shape, and distribution of nanoparticles were examined using SEM. The nanoparticles were found to be spherical and homogeneous in shape and ranged in size from 25 to 45 nm. EDS analysis was used to determine the presence of elemental silver. XRD measurements revealed that the average size of biogenic AgNPs was 50 nm. The three-dimensional structure of AgNPs was revealed by AFM, and the average diameter was 47.18 nm. According to these approaches for AgNPs was demonstrated against S. aureus isolated from clinical mastitis in goats. The highest inhibition zone of AgNPs against S. aureus was (14 mm) at a concentration of (80 μg/ml); moreover, antibiofilm activity against the same bacteria was 17.3 ± 2.7 μg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of biosynthesized AgNPs against S. aureus was 16 ± 2.4 μg /ml, whereas the MBCs was 32 ± 3.4 μg /ml. The third part of the study was inducing mastitis using isolated S. aureus. Thirty-five apparently healthy Iraqi lactating local breed goats were employed, ranging in age from 2 to 5 years, in early to mid-lactation, and weighing 40.5 ± 0.5 kg. Five lactating goats were left uninfected as a control negative (group I), and thirty lactating goats were intramammary inoculated with 1.5 × 108 CFU/ml of S. aureus isolated from caprine mastitis milk. At 48 hrs post inoculation, the animals were randomly separated into six equal groups. Clinical examination (body temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate), chemical investigation of milk (CMT and SCC), macroscopic inspection of the udder, and bacteriological examination of milk samples were obtained 24 hrs, 48 hrs, and 72 hrs post infection. Animals frequently exhibit clinical indications prior to infection. However, as compared to the negative control group, there was a substantial increase in body temperature, respiration, and heart rate, indicating udder inflammation, a change in milk consistency, and the isolation of S. aureus from milk in infected groups. The fourth part of the study evaluated the effect of biologically synthesized AgNPs on mastitis treatment. The positive control group (II) was left untreated, while the group (III) received an intramammary infusion of a single dose of 5 ml/halve AgNPs 17 mg after 2 hrs post infection, group (IV) intramammary infusion of 5 ml/halve AgNPs 17 mg after 72 hrs post infection daily for 3 consecutive days, group (V) intramammary infusion of 5 ml/halve AgNPs 8.5 mg in combination with gentamicin 50 mg after 72 hrs post infection daily for 3 consecutive days, group (VI) intramammary infusion of a single dose of 5 ml/halve AgNPs 17 mg after 72 hrs post infection, and group (VII) intramammary infusion of 5 ml/halve gentamicin 100 mg after 72 hrs post infection daily for 3 consecutive days. Clinical cure was determined by collecting milk samples from does at 3, 6-, 9-, 12-, 14-,21- and 28-days following treatment for SCC and bacterial isolation. Additional analyses examined rectal body temperature, heart and respiration rates, inflammatory changes in mammary secretion, and gland tissues. Treatment cure rates for group III, IV, and V infections caused by S. auerus were 100%. According to the current data, severe bacteria were isolated from the mammary glands of animals in group VI and a positive control group, whereas light bacteria were obtained from animals in group VII that were treated withgentamicin alone. However, no bacteria were isolated following intramammary treatment with AgNPs alone or in combination with gentamicin. The study indicated that AgNPs can be used as an alternative therapy for induced S. aureus mastitis in local breed goats, showing that AgNPs have potential medicinal applications in the veterinary field due to their efficacy, low cost, and convenience of handling. It is recommended due to AgNPs' antimicrobial properties and their suitability for intramammary infusion. To the best of our knowledge, there are scanty studies on just the effect of AgNPs on S. aureus, that lead to biofilm-related infections associated with mastitis in local breed goats in Iraq. Although the effects of AgNPs have been described in vitro, no study has examined their potential application in goats to eliminate mastitis-causing bacteria. The findings suggest novel therapeutic approaches for mastitis in dairy animals. Thus, the most significant conclusion of this study is that AgNPs may be employed as a bactericide to effectively treat mastitis in veterinary medicine. Synergistic, combination therapy with other conventional antibiotics was urgently needed to reduce nanoparticle concentrations, overcome microbial resistance to conventional antibiotics, and result in more effective antibacterial action for the treatment of animal diseases.characterization of silver nanoparticles, Bacillus clausii was capable of biosynthesizing AgNPs. Antibacterial efficacy of biosynthesized

The goal of this study was to assess the antibacterial efficiency of biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gentamicin against Staphylococcus aureus that can form biofilms. The characterization of AgNPs was confirmed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) which was spherical and homogenous in form, with a diameter between 25 and 45 nm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) presented the size of AgNPs to be 50 nm. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to examine the presence of elemental silver. The three-dimensional structure of silver nanoparticles was discovered using an atomic force microscope (AFM), with a diameter of 47.18 nm on average. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of AgNPs and gentamicin against S. aureus isolated from caprine mastitis were determined using the microdilution assay. The checkerboard microdilution technique was utilized to inspect the synergistic antibacterial activity of AgNPs with gentamicin utilizing the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). The antibiofilm capability of AgNPs was also investigated. The results indicate that AgNPs generated by biosynthesis are antibacterial against S. aureus. Moreover, AgNPs and gentamicin exhibit synergistic action. The study's findings suggest that biogenic AgNPs may act as anti-biofilm agents and treat mastitis caused by S. aureus. In conclusions biosynthesized AgNPs exhibit strong antibacterial and antibiofilm effectiveness and synergistic activity when combined with gentamicin.

The aim of the present study is to determine the efficiency of silver nanoparticles in mastitis treatment induced by Staphylococcus aureus, 20 lactating goats were infected intramammary inoculated with 1.5×108 cfu/ml of virulence Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk of caprine mastitis and at 48hr post inoculation, the animals were divided randomly into four groups equally, 1st group left without treatment as control positive, 2nd group treated intramammary infusion with 5 ml Silver nanoparticle after 2h from infection daily for 3 consecutive days, 3rd group treated intramammary infusion with 5 ml Silver nanoparticle after 72h from infection daily for 3 consecutive days, 4th group treated intramammary infusion with 5 ml Silver nanoparticle mixed with gentamycin after 72h from infection daily for 3 consecutive days. The silver nanoparticles used in this study were created using a green method from Bacillus clausii. The Scanning electron microscope was spherical and homogeneous form, with a size range of 25 to 45 nm. Results showed severe clinical signs of the mammary gland with heavy bacterial isolation in 1st control groups at 3, 6-, 9-, 14- and 21-days post infection, while animals that were intramammary treated with Silver nanoparticle alone or combination with gentamycin showed a disappearance in clinical signs of the mammary gland and bacterial isolation, it was concluded that Silver nanoparticle had a strong action against mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

We report mastitis induced by biofilm generating Staphylococcus aureus in lactating does. Lactating does (n=25) were tested for mastitis by palpation, California mastitis (CMT) and somatic cell (SCC) tests. We detected biofilm production by S. aureus as black colonies on congo red agar. Healthy does were then inoculated 1 mL PBS with 1.5 × 108 CFU biofilm producing S. aureus through teat canal. By CMT, we found sub-clinical mastitis in ~30% and ~44% severe cases. Goats exhibited signs of mastitis 24h after inoculation. Compared with controls, temperature increased 4.8%, heart beats 16% and respiratory rate 35%. Severe mastitis yielded high CMT scores (3+) by 48 h with a 6.9 fold increase in SCC. By 48-72h infected udder halves felt warm, swollen, painful, hyperemic and milk output fell and milk samples clotted. We find that biofilmproducing S. aureus could be extremely pathogenic for lactating does.

The present study aimed to describe clinical, hematological and pathological findings of polioencephalomalacia (PEM) in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Al-Hiadyia in the desert region of Al- Najaf, Iraq. The clinical signs included blindness, lethargy incoordination, ataxia, extension of the limbs, hyperesthesia, no menace reflexes, paddling movements, opisthotonos and recumbency. Also, hematological and biochemical parameters results were normal. On the other hand, postmortem was carried on two recumbent camel, with particular attention to examine brain tissue for evidence of the disease. Major macroscopic changes included congestion of cerebral vessels, edema, and herniation of the cerebellum. The most observed microscopic lesions, between two assessed cases, were laminar and segmental neuronal necrosis at different regions of the brain, spongiosis, nuclear pyknosis and red nucleus neurons. Clinical disease, gross and histopathological lesions which shows positive results of polioencephalomalacia. There are very few reports on incidence and/or prevalence of PEM in Iraq. However, this is the first study in younger Camels are reported in Al-Hiadyia at Al- Najaf desert.

This study was aimed to compare between lead blood levels and its hazardous effects on hematological and biochemical parameters in Awassi sheep grazed on pastures located in Najaf center and sheep grazed in desert of Al- Najaf province-Iraq. The results showed that the lower blood lead levels in sheep grazed on desert with values enclosed in generally within the normal limits, while, higher blood lead levels were shown in sheep grazed on pasture located in the city center of Al- Najaf, with average values significantly higher than the maximum limits. On the other hand, there are a significant decrease (p<0.05) in hematological parameters (Red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), also, a significant increase (p<0.05) in biochemical parameters (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine) but decrease in total protein (TP) in sheep grazed on pasture located in the city center compared with sheep grazing in desert Al- Najaf. Thus, the current study showed that elevated mean blood lead level above the acceptable limit of (0.1 ppm) in all Sheep living in the city Centre, suggesting that iron deficiency anemia may amplify the effect of lead contamination in the environment.

ABSTRACT : The current study aim was to determine the hematological and biochemical changes, which occurred in sheep and goats infected with theileriosis, the study conducted on 145 sheep and 108 goats aged 1-4 years, from April till August 2017 at Al-Najaf province-Iraq, 95 of these sheep and 68 of goats showed parasitaemia and Koch’s blue bodies in stained blood and lymph smears, these animals consider as infected with theileriosis and other 50 sheep and 40 goats not showed parasitaemia or Koch’s blue bodies and not revealed abnormal clinical signs, consider as a control group animals, in both control and infected animals we measured the respiration rate ,heart rate, body temperature , also measure the hematological and biochemical parameter which included erythrocytes count, total leukocyte count, hemoglobin level, packed cells volume, MCV, MCH, MCHC, differential leukocyte count, total bilirubin, total plasma protein, alanine aminotransferase ALT and aspartate aminotransferase AST enzymes. The results showed significant increase in heart rate and respiration rate in sheep and goats infected with theileriosis, while the body temperature, not showed significant differences, also hematological parameters were significant decrease in packed cell volume, hemoglobin level, red blood cell, MCV, MCH, MCHC, total leukocytes count, lymphocytes, while the monocytes and basophils not showed significant difference and there were significant increase in neutrophils and eosinophils in infected sheep and goats compared with the control animals, biochemical te

The current study focused on slaughtered sheep and cattle in Al-Najaf city which are infected with liver fluke from the period between January 2016 till December 2018. The total sheep examined were 244806, in which 525 were found to be positive for liver fluke, while in cattle, the total examined number was 59001, in which 397 were found to be positive for liver fluke. In current study, the prevalence rate was estimated to be 0.67% in sheep, and 0.66% in cattle. There are no differences between sheep and cattle rate infection. The highest rate of infestation in sheep and cattle was 0.69% and 0.80% in April respectively, while the lowest infestation rate was 0.38% for sheep and cattle in October. The findings of this study demonstrated that the prevalence of liver fluke infections is generally lower than those reported from other regions of Iraq, and at the same time, the Fasciola species clearly remains prevalent, and it might play an important role in the life cycle and transmission of this disease in Al-Najaf province.

The instant study clarify excellent treatment response of dexaject with a dose 3.5/2 mg-ml in fixing musculoskeletal injuries imaged by x-rays to get a statistical probability less than 0.001 (P<0.001) put it in progress for uses without serious side effects mentioned or noticed in carriage horse models.

The study was designed to determine the abnormal urine components such as red blood corpuscles, protein, bilirubin, nitrites, specific gravity, glucose, hydrogen ion, ketones, urobilinogen and leukocyte abnormality in k9 dogs urine.The present study was carried out on 135 asymptomatic dogs (65 males and 70 females) with age (2 – 8 years) in Al-Najaf governorate between February 2016 and April 2016. At morning, urine specimens were collected from dogs and tested via method of dipstick. Mass urinary screening is a suitable tool to detect dogs with asymptomatic progressive renal diseases, however the urinalysis can deliver to us information not merely about the kidneys and bladder, but also the liver, pancreas, and other organs, as well as, helping to make a diagnosis, in addition to determining a prognosis (a prediction of the consequence of the disease) and response to treatment. Results showed that 46 (34%) dogs were with urinary abnormalities, hematuria was the most frequent abnormality showed 28(60.9%), nitrituria 10(21.7%), proteinuria 4(8.7%), bilirubinuria in 2(4.3%) and decreased specific gravity 2(4.3%) respectively, pH (0%), glucose (0%), ketones (0%), urobilinogen (0%) and leukocyte (0%).

The present study applicator ideas done on 21 model cows in Mesopotamia for diagnosis and treatment metabolic alkalosis cases. With a modern analytical instruments, our results showing an elevation in blood gases values accompanied with a significant (P < 0.01) decline in electrolytes levels especially K (1.2 mEq/l) and Cl (77 mEq/l)). Logarithmic statistical therapy recording an effective tool we are used for combat metabolic alkalosis in cattle. Conclusion of our study proving that supposed therapeutic therapy was effective in the correction and treatment of metabolic alkalosis in cows without less side effects.

This study was conducted on 103 adult healthy lactating buffalo during the period of October 2017 to March 2018. Based on the results of the CMT test, the water buffalos were divided into two groups; 60 without subclinical mastitis as control and 43 with subclinical mastitis. Two blood samples were collected from the jugular vein into vacutainer tubes from all for hematological and biochemical investigation. Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were carried on the basis of their morphology, staining, cultural and biochemical properties. Results of antibiotics sensitivity in this investigation showed none of the S. aureus isolates were fully sensitive to all the agents. In conclusion, this study confirms the importance of Staphylococcus aureus causing water buffalo subclinical mastitis and the range of antibiotics to be used in the control of Staphylococcus aureus.

The aim of the present study was to investigate ovine subclinical mastitis and associated with the hematological changes were studied in awassi sheep flock consists of ninety ovine lactating (58 normal and 32 ewes subclinical mastitis) both groups aged 1.5-4 years in AL-Najaf province /Iraq. Milk samples were collected for California mastitis test (CMT) and blood samples were collected from jugular vein during the period February 2016 till April 2016. The results showed that the means ± SE in normal lactating and ewes subclinical mastitis were as follows; Packed cell volume (PCV) 31.9 ± 0.4 % and 25 ± 0.3 %, hemoglobin (Hb) 10.3 ± 0.16 g/dl and 7.3 ± 0.12 g/dl, red blood cell count (RBC) 10.2 ± 0.13 ×10⁶/μL and 8.9 ± 0.28 ×10⁶/μL, mean cell volume (MCV) 31.3 ± 0.36 fl and 30.9 ± 0.62 fl, mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) 10.1 ± 0.12 pg and 9.7 ± 0.21 pg, mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 32.2 ± 0.18 g/dl and 31.2 ± 0.36 g/dl, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 9.9 ± 0.46 mm/24 hrs and 17.9 ± 2.08 mm/24 hrs, Platelets 283.8 ± 16.6×10³/μL and 184.5 ± 8.3×10³/μL, white blood cell count (WBC) 10784 ± 268.3×10³/μL and 13956 ± 578.4×10³/μL, lymphocytes 54.3 ± 1.36 and 50.9 ± 2.51/μL, neutrophils 40.7 ± 1.41 and 52.8 ± 1.84/μL, monocytes 1.83 ± 0.16 and 3.0 ± 0.27/μL, eosinophil’s 2.84 ± 0.31 and 5.81 ± 0.76/μL and basophils 0.28 ± 0.05 and 0.78 ± 0.07/μL respectively. The PCV, Hb, RBC and platelets were significantly higher (P<0.05) in normal lactating compared to that of ovine subclinical mastitis. The MCV, MCH and MCHC showed no significant differences between normal and ewes with subclinical mastitis. While ESR and WBC count were significantly lower in normal lactating.

The aim of the present work is to determine the hematological parameters in clinically normal local breed goats. The study was conducted on 130 goats (40 males of them 20 bucks and 20 buck kids and 90 females of them 20 doe kids, 20 dry does, 25 pregnant and 25 lactating does) aged 6 months-4 years in AL-Najaf province-Iraq. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein into EDTA tubes during October 2013 untill February 2014. Results showed that the ranges and means ±SE of blood picture were as follows; packed cell volume (PCV) 26-40% and 31.8±0.32%, Hemoglobin (Hb) 8-14.3g/dL and 10.3±0.13 g/dL, Red blood cell (RBC) 10.6-17×106/μL and 13.3±0.14×106/μL, Mean cell volume (MCV) 18.4-32.5 fL and 23.9±0.14 fL, Mean cell Hemoglobin (MCH) 5.5-8.8 and 7.7±0.05 pg, Mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 28.3-36.9 g/dL and 32.4±0.15 g/dL, Erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) 1-10 mm/ 24h and 4.1±0.14 mm/ 24h, White blood cell count (WBC) 5500-15900/μL and 10732±242/μL, Lymphocyte (L) 2772-10172/μL and 6080±149 /Μl, neutrophils (N) 1863-8680/μL and 4112±121/μL, monocytes 57.0-622/μL and313±11/μL, eosinophil’s 0-918/μL and 222±14/μL, basophils 0±0/μL and 0±0/μL, L/N ratio 0.4-3.8 and 1.5±0.04, respectively. There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in PCV, Hb, RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC and no difference in ESR,WBC, DLC and L/N ratio between males and females. However, significant (P<0.05) differences in most hematological parameters of sub groups have been recorded. In conclusion the present data recorded the reference values of hematological parameters in clinically healthy local breed goats with a significant difference between males and females as well as in normal subgroups.

The study was conducted on 130 healthy and 72 affected with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) by used local breed goats to determine serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), unbound iron binding capacity (UIBC), copper concentration and transferrin saturation (TS%). The 130 normal goats (40 males and 90 females). while 72 diagnosed iron deficient anemic goats (18males and 54females), both groups aged 6 months- 4 years in Najaf governorate. Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins into plain tubes during October 2013 till February2014, and the separated sera were directly used for chemical investigation. Result showed in normal and iron deficient anemic goats; Serum iron concentration was 7-17.9 and 11.8±0.22, 1.2-6.9 and 4.3±0.17 respectively, TIBC 67.5-107.3 and 89.7±0.69, 67.3-265 and 112.4±4.35 respectively ,UIBC 59.1-94.9 and 78±0.69, 60.9-260 and 108.1±4.36 respectively, TS% 7.4-20 and 13.1±0.25, 0.90-10.1 and 4.1±0.23 respectively and serum copper 1.1-4.6 and 2.4±0.05, 0.7-3.0 and 1.7±0.06 respectively. However, There were a significant (P<0.05) decrease in serum iron, TS% and copper, while there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum TIBC and UIBC of IDA goats as compared with normal control. Also, a significant differences(P<0.05) between males and females, as well as, in subgroups of normal and anemic goats have been recorded . In conclusion the present data recorded reference ranges of some biochemical parameters in local breed goats with a significant differences between normal, anemic ,males and females, and in different physiologic status .