Ahmed Hani Rashid Al tamimi

Al-Noor City, which is one of the cities affiliated to Al-Najaf Governorate in southern Iraq, this city suffers from the reluctance of the residents who were granted plots of land by the local government in Najaf to build and live there despite the ownership of more than 16,000 residential plots of land to the population, the study area enjoys many developmental elements for various economic activities in the field of agriculture, industry, trade and tourism. However, job opportunities are scarce and investment projects do not exist, either within the city or in its region. The research team adopted scientific methods in analysis and building the necessary strategies and using similar examples, and through several planning and engineering programs such as GIS, AutoCAD and others, a set of maps included in the research paper were extracted. It was completed gathering the necessary information to diagnose the development potential of the city and its surroundings through the technical methods used in this field such as personal interviews, questionnaire forms, the search for official documents and visits to the relevant institutions. that information was analyzed according to the SWOT matrix to come up with a strategic vision that would make this city (al-Noor City) capable of attracting residents and relieving the great pressure on the city of Najaf. The most important conclusion of the paper is the need to implement a strategy based on enhancing the tourism potential in the sea of Najaf and the lakes near the city. Enhancing investment in industrial construction projects, especially the brick, cement and food industries, as well as paying attention to the agricultural potential of the study area, in addition to enhancing water, sewage, the environment and main and secondary roads services

Abstract. Many researchers are interested in studying the pressures in historical areas due to the continued development to meet the requirements of contemporary society. The study scope was set by looking at the factors that lead to the addition or removal of the urban fabric to make a city more urban. This may lead to these forced changes overlooking the historical context of these cities in favour of demolishing and removing large parts of the city's fabric and replacing them with buildings with modern and random building patterns . The study tried to see if the " ill-thought-out change in land use planning affects identifying different parts of the city's urban fabric body, mainly traditional parts. " Within a realistic urban fabric represented by the old city of Najaf Ashraf in Iraq as one of the important urban and heritage landmarks globally and containing different models and patterns and subjecting them to different political, economic, and economic circumstances social. The research emphasized dealing with the urban environment as an integrated content consisting of a set of visible and latent systems of parts, including the urban fabric, whose elements are linked to each other in complex relationships carrying civilized and urban values, subject to natural and coercive changes in the level of their urban fabric. The research concluded that change at some point could lead to heterogeneity with neighboring countries if specific building laws and regulations were not enacted governing the process of change and regulating the process of linking the old and the modern.

Abstract: Change is considered a prominent feature of urban areas because of the various services and functions in cities, with complex functional relations. The study aims to build an informational foundation for urban planners and designers on the effects resulting from the imbalance in the organization and proportions of urban land uses, which in turn affects the performance of its functions in the city and its changes, and thus the necessity of using modern technologies to identify and define urban problems in cities, especially those related to land uses. An analytical approach to the research was taken, adopting geographic information systems as a tool for research by studying the reality of the region and determining the changes occurring from the functional side for the periods of 2,003,200,820,132,018. These periods witnessed substantial development and changes at the city and country levels. Through the results of the study, the changes were identified, remedies suggested, positive aspects were strengthened, and negative phenomena were reduced. The conclusions reached by the study indicate that planning for the use of the land is a very important practical aspect of achieving the needs of the population and limiting the noncultural aspects of expansion. Deliberate and planned change can generate positive results and vice versa.

تعكس النتاجات الانسانية المختلفة لعصور سابقة العمق الفكري الذي تضمنه ذلك النتاج، لهذا ان اي عملية تطوير او صيانة او تجديد من قبل المصمم دون الرجوع للمرجعيات الفكرية لهذا الموروث ومكوناته سوف تؤدي الى انقطاع في الذاكرة الجمعية للمتلقين في سياق المجتمع والابتعاد عن تجميع صور الماضي في اذهانهم، وفي هذا المفهوم يتركز الاطار العام للبحث.

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