ahmed A.A. Fasal Al.helfi

Organic wastes of plant straws recycled as an economical nutrient to enriched soils. The Black tea (Camellia Sinensis) used as one of nutrients organic. This study used the Back tea as nutrients media for P.fluorescense, The experiment was conducted during 2017 -2018 season on green house in the College of Science /Kufa University, the levels 2,4,8,10,15g wastes of Back tea/kg soil mixed with 25ml of Biologics P.fluorescense. The seeds mixed with sterilized soil, three replicates per concentration and 3 pots planted with non –black tea as control.

Abstract. The callus induction by use 1.5mg/l of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) as auxin and 2mg/l of BA as cytokinins were added to MS medium that prepared as above before sterilize step. Sodium Chloride and Lysine effect on callus induction and growth of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.).Five concentration of Sodium Chloride Salts (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8) were added to the culture medium and five concentrations of lysine (0, 10, 20, 30and 40mg/l) added to cultured medium. Results showed that NaCl at (2g/l) increased callus induction, fresh weight, dry weight and potassium ions of callus. The study also showed that (2 g \l) of NaCl was signification increased Sodium and Chloride ions of callus. Lysine (Lys) effect on callus characteristics:-

This study has been conducted to assess and analyze the nature of saline soil characteristics and their effect on Phytohormones responses of Ricinus communis has been studied for four-season in four different sites. Samples were collected seasonally for the period February 2018 to January 2019, taken from four selected sites in (Najaf), Iraq. four levels of saline soils were cultivated with the halophyte species (Ricinus communis). The soils had the following salinity levels: 1) Nonsaline soil (S1, 0.9 dS. m–1) 2) Slightly saline soil (S2, 4.2 dS. m–1) 3) Moderately saline soil (S3, 7.2 dS m–1) 4) Highly saline soil (S4, 14.1 dS m–1)

: The parts of eggplant Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae) (leaf, stem, root, flower, and fruit) were taking in two stages ,vegetative and flowering stage (Iraq), to determine the influence of total content of plenolic compounds, (as phenol, flavonoid, tannin , and anthocyanin), alkaloids compound and antioxidant capacity of crude extract of these parts. Ultrasonic extracted by ethyl-acetate solvent, qualitative assay by deferent reagent. The flowers showed high content of phenolic compound as phenol, tannin, anthocyanin, and flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity, while seeds showed high content of alkaloids with significant value, p˂0.05. Stage of growth of roots, stems, and leave showed no significant differences effect in phenol content, otherwise, the flowering stage of roots, stems, and leave showed high content of flavonoids with significant value compared with vegetative stage Flowering stage of roots and stems showed high content of tannin with significant value compared with vegetative and flowering stage otherwise in leave.

: The parts of eggplant Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae) (leaf, stem, root, flower, and fruit) were taking in two stages ,vegetative and flowering stage (Iraq), to determine the influence of total content of plenolic compounds, (as phenol, flavonoid, tannin , and anthocyanin), alkaloids compound and antioxidant capacity of crude extract of these parts. Ultrasonic extracted by ethyl-acetate solvent, qualitative assay by deferent reagent. The flowers showed high content of phenolic compound as phenol, tannin, anthocyanin, and flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity, while seeds showed high content of alkaloids with significant value, p˂0.05. Stage of growth of roots, stems, and leave showed no significant differences effect in phenol content, otherwise, the flowering stage of roots, stems, and leave showed high content of flavonoids with significant value compared with vegetative stage Flowering stage of roots and stems showed high content of tannin with significant value compared with vegetative and flowering stage otherwise in leave.

Fermentative produced ethanol from lignocellulose by fungi is a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. However, the breakdown process of the raw material by the fermentation made known the furan compounds furfural. In the current work, the furfural this was done using in vitro spectro-photometric assays. The kinetic analysis suggested that furfural formed by fungi metabolism. For those reasons the study was aimed