احمد يحيى عبد عباس

Modern urban cities around the world suffer from high congestions due to high daily trips for different purposes. Al-Kufa city has a lot of congested roads in its road network. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the current traffic situation. Firstly, the number of links and nodes has been counted using GIS software. These links represent major and minor arterials. The collected data include flow, speed and geometric characteristics for each link and node in the network. The traffic assignment model (Stochastic User Equilibrium) in TransCAD software was adopted in this study. The results indicated that the value (v/c) for most of these roads is more than one which indicated congested roads.

Primary education is one of the important services in the prosperity and development of society. Therefore, it must meet a set of criteria such as the optimum distribution of educational institutions and be sufficient in numerical terms in comparison with population sizes. Primary education must also be functionally efficient in comparison to the standards prepared by the relevant authorities. This study attempts to diagnose the reality of the state of primary education in Al-Qadisiyah district in the Najaf governorate, and its compatibility with the planning standards prepared by the Ministries of Education and Planning and follow the best possible methods and mechanisms for their development

Health services havegreat importance in relation to the health of the population. It is one of the criteria for measuring the state's progress in care;it is also one of the most important factors contributing to sustainable development and one of its indicators both in developed and developing societies.AL-Najaf governorate is one of the most important governorates in Iraq in terms of religious and historical issues, where there is a holy shrine of Imam Ali. This study tries to Diagnosis of weaknesses in the health services in AL-Najaf governorate, and their compatibility with planning standards, and follow the best possible ways and mechanisms for their development. The results of this study indicate that the number of hospitals is very low, where it is noted that some administrative units are empty of hospitals, which are represented in the areas of AL-Mshkaband the Al-Shabka

The sustainability represents a measure of the efficiency for the urban structure. Al-Najaf city is one of the most important cities in Iraq in terms of religious and historical issues. This study tries to assess AL- Najaf Urban structure – as a sample of Iraqi cities- in the light of sustainable to investigate the extent of the application of urban sustainability principles such as how the density of the population distributed across different quarters, the land use and the hierarchy of the roads in the city. GIS program has been adopted to represent the city and the length of roads. The results of this study indicate that the AL- Najaf urban spatial structure is inefficient, It contains a lot of faults, the city lacks in the hierarchy of roads and land use, which spread across a large area, the population density distribution is irregular, most densities are farther away from the city center, which leads to long trips and random and irregular in it.

Najaf-Kufa road suffers from high congestion, especially at morning peak hour in the direction coming from Al-Najaf city towards Al-Kufa city (for 95% from its length) in addition to the other major roads in the city. This could be easily attributed to high trips coming to different destinations (i.e universities, schools, hospitals, courts, etc) distributed along the road without using modern public transportation such as scheduled buses, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and light train or tram. Furthermore, the other roads also suffer from congestion such as Airport road, Garage Shamalee, Najaf-Abu Skher, etc. This study aims to investigate the merits of using public transportations and suggest new means of public transportation in Al-Najaf city in accordance with the fundamental design for the city.

اقامت وحدة التعليم المستمر بالتعاون مع شعبة ضمان الجودة وتقويم الاداء ، ندوة علمية بعنوان (مكافحة الوصم الاجتماعي لمدمني المخدرات)، حاضر فيها الاستاذ الدكتور ضرغام خالد عبد الوهاب والأستاذ المساعد الدكتور احمد يحيى عبد عباس الفتلاوي.