زينب ناصر عباس دوش

Abstract Background: The most common primary CNS neoplasms are astrocytomas, derived from an immortalized astrocyte, accounting for 4-5 % of all cancer related death. Ki-67 and P53 are two cellular proteins playing roles in pathogenesis and evolution of astrocytomas.Ki-67 is an antigen represents a nuclear non histone protein, produced by cells in the proliferative phases. P53 gene produces a protein functions as a tumor suppressor gene. Both biomarkers were considered to be of prognostic value. Aims: The paper aims theassessment of p53 and ki-67 immunoexpression in astrocytomas,relation of these markers with histologic grade of astrocytomas, andto use p53 and Ki-67 as a prognostic tool. Materials and Methods:Forty-five patients with astrocytoma were conducted in the study which performed in Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, university of Kufa in the period from January 2018 through April 2019.Cases were collected from “neurosurgical hospital in Baghdad, and laboratory of histopathology in Al-sadder Medical city in Al-Najaf and from some private laboratories of the same governorate”, ages ranging from 2-65 years with a mean of 29.04 years.EnVision method (polymer based immunohistochemistry) was used for evaluation of p53 and ki-67. Results: Grade II patients predominant the studied sample and constitute (55.6%), whereas patients of grade I constitute (22.2%), grades IV and III compose (13.3%) and (8.9%) respectively.P53 was detected in (33.34%) of the cases and was “significantly positively correlated” with grade IV, gender not with age.Ki-67 LI was (>5%) in (31.11%) of patients and was “significantly positively correlated” with tumor grade, age of the patient but not with gender, both biomarkers were “positively correlated with each other, and with grade of astrocytoma”. Conclusions and recommendations:p53 and ki-67 over expression have an important role in pathogenesis of astrocytoma, as their positivity associated with higher tumor grade, so merging these biomarkers with histopathological grade in a prognostic index will accurately predict clinical outcome and the effectiveness of anti cancer therapy.

Background: The commonest malignancy in females is breast cancer, it become a major health problem affecting women, worldwide. In spite of its increasing incidence, morbidity and mortality are starting to fall; this may belong to evolving ways of diagnosis and treatment. P53 acts as a transcription factor, regulates cell cycle, and hence functions as a tumor suppressor gene. The most potent endothelial cell Mitogen is VEGF emerged as a prognostic marker in patients with several types of cancer including breast cancer. Both markers were proved to be of prognostic value, moreover simultaneous expression of p53 and VEGF has been reported to have the worst bio-pathological profile in breast carcinoma. Although predictive value of the above biomarkers had been well known in previous investigations, relation between these biomarkers in breast cancer is a point to be discussed more specially in our country. Aims: To evaluate the rate of p53 and VEGF immunoexpression in different clincopathological parameters of breast carcinoma, their correlation and co expression in Iraqi females. Materials and Methods: Seventy two breast cancer patients were included to this study which performed in Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, from October 2018 to May 2019. All the cases were collected from Al-Sadder medical city and some of private laboratories in Najaf, they ranging age between22-70 years with a mean of 46.9 years. (LSAB + ) method was used for IHC detection of p53 and VEGF. Results: Sixty two (86.11%) of the cases were of ductal type while 10 cases (13.89%) of lobular type. The detection rate of p53 and VEGF was 36.11% and 58.33 respectively. P53 immunoexpression was significantly different among tumor sizes, but not in other parameters. However, p53 correlated positively with tumor grade and size. There was a significant difference of VEGF immunoexpression among the above histological subtypes, but not within different tumor sizes, grades and age of the patients, meanwhile VEGF was positively correlated with tumor grade and size. Moreover, both biomarkers were positively correlated with each other, and cases co expressing both p53 and VEGF (19.44%) have shown the most unfavorable bio-pathological profile. Conclusions and recommendations: P53 and VEGF immunoexpression have an important role in pathogenesis of breast carcinoma evolution, and their positivity associated with biologically aggressive tumors, thus recommendation for larger prospective study will give better insight about survival and outcomes