الخلاصة

Every day, life requires levels of high of physical activity and food, the tendency genetic prefer to store excess calories in order to help body for staying at the level of alive, so an overweight is mean increase the body weight compared with the level of weight acceptable to the normal. Its belief that obesity is a result for losing of ability to correct habits of eating. Obesity is not a single disease, there are 300 different genes were linked to obesity, in addition to several environmental factors could be associate to obesity happening, while most considerations common indicted to the fact that obesity process is a result of an interaction of environmental factors with the genetic predisposition lead to fat accumulation and increased in the adipose tissues.Biochemically, serotonin is synthesized in the intestine enterochromaffin cells, in addition to central and peripheral neuron cells. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter, it contributes to the feelings well-being and happiness,firstly it found in the GIT, especially intestinal mucosa, and platelets, while high concentration of serotonin were recorded in the CNSand pineal body for animals as well as the human. Oxytocin is producing a first in SON and PVN of the hypothalamus, secreted by the posterior pituitary, it has strong contraction effects on the smooth muscle such as in the uterus and breast. Subjects:47patients (33.28 ±7.424 years with age range 34 years) and 24 healthy individuals (25.96 ± 3.983 years with age range 13 years) were enrolled in the present study. Patients with BMI more than 30 Kg/m2 (45.179 ± 9.09 Kg/m2, and 38.7 Kg/m2 as BMI range); haven’t diabetes mellitus, they aren't subjected to obesity surgical operation before. Control group might at approximate age range with the patients group, with similar food style. Average BMI of no smoking, no alcohol drinking healthy group was 18.5 Kg/m2 (22.829 ± 0.752 Kg/m2). Results: A significant decrease (p = 0.000) of serum serotonin levels wasrecorded in obese patients group when compared with those of control individuals group.In contrast to basic comparison between the major study groups, no significant differences in the serotonin levels were observed when males and females subgroups were compared together. Negatively significant correlation (r = - 0.850 at p < 0.05) was observed for serotonin concentrations in the sera of obese patients group with the BMI levels, while no such correlation was observed when serum serotonin levels were correlated to the levels of BMI in the control group. Although a decrease in the mean of oxytocin concentrations which noted in the sera samples of obese subjects was relatively moderate, but good significant variations (p < 0.05) were observed at compare the levels of serum oxytocin of obese patients group with the corresponding persons in the control group. Non-significant variations were observed when females and males subgroups were compared together (p = 0.820 and p = 0.350 for the obese patients and healthy individuals subgroups, respectively). In the obese patients group, respect negative significant differences (r = - 77.091 % at p < 0.005) were found at the levels of serum oxytocin correlated to their BMI levels illustrated. On the other hand; no significant correlation (r = - 22.293 % at p < 0.005) recorded in the levels of serum oxytocin to BMI levels in the healthy individuals group.According to the results 83.839 % of patients (a significant positive correlation at p < 0.005) showed a decrease in the serotonin and oxytocin levels in serum of obese patients group; simultaneously. Same result, but at the significance level of less (57.497 % at p < 0.05), was recorded when the levels of serotonin in sera samples of controls group were correlated to the levels of oxytocin. Conclusion:Serotonin and oxytocin levels are affected during the overweight gain; and they correlated directly to BMI.Decrease of obese oxytocin concentrations were more clear at obese male comparison to skinny males, although it was decreased at female and male patients.