الخلاصة

.Objective The occurrence of this disease is related to different risk factors such as cardiovascular issues and elevated levels of plasma cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and many others. Methods Three groups of domestic male rabbits, six in each group, were studied. Each group constituted a different diet condition where group I had a normal chow diet; group II a 1% cholesterol-diet, group III a 1% cholesterol-diet and Genistein. The level of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and High density lipoprotein HDL-C serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum monocyte chemo-attractant protein type 1 High mobility group box 1 (MCP-1) and HMG-box1 was monitored by collecting blood samples at the start of the study, 28 and 56 days. Then, the aorta was removed to be examined (histopathology) for atherosclerosis lesion and thickening in the aortic intima-media. Results In comparison to the control group (I), levels of TC, TG, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholestrol, very LDL cholestrol, hs-CRP, IL-6, MCP-1 and HMG-box1 had increased while serum HDL-C had reduced in the animals that followed a high-fat diet. Histologically, the aortic intimal thickening and atherosclerosis lesions has increased in the induced-untreated animals. The Genistein treated group showed a substantial decrease of lipid parameters in comparison with the induced-untreated group. Genistein counteracted the changes in hs-CRP, IL-6, MCP-1 and HMG-box1 in compared with the induced-untreated group (P < 0.05). Histomorphometric measurements indicated that Genistein significantly minimizes the thickness of the aortic intima-media and atherosclerosis lesions in comparison to the animals on a high-fat diet. Conclusion The outcomes of this investigation show that Genistein significantly decrease the progression of atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic animals via inhibition of inflammatory markers and reduced levels of lipid parameters. Keywords genistein, atherosclerosis, inflammation